IRE Index index Butterworth & Company Karen Sparck Jones All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, without the written permission of the copyright holder, application for which should be addressed to the Publishers. Such written permission must also be obtained before any part of this publication is stored in a retrieval system of any nature. 352 Index Tests, 1956 1978213 255 bi[OCRerr]scs, 246 charactcri[OCRerr]tics, 60 choice o[OCRerr] 60 descriptive, 85 diOciences of design. 247 h)rms [OCRerr])f. 216 implicitions, 216 inidequacy of. 245 iuicrcnti.il, 85 iii in p r mctric, 95 97 iiiiiiibci[OCRerr] [OCRerr]il 245 ib)cctivc[OCRerr], 216 i'.ir.i[OCRerr]ctric. 97 qu.i1it[OCRerr] [OCRerr]it 24[OCRerr] Fc[OCRerr]i ciillcct ions, 16(1, 195 muIti[OCRerr], 243, 247 [OCRerr] U [OCRerr]cric I rcprc[OCRerr]cn 1,iti()u. I 62 ``[OCRerr]ii-t,ihIc. 22 `i[OCRerr][OCRerr] 244 .`c [OCRerr]il 243 ``I `IIIC, 6(1 `ucIu[OCRerr]ion[OCRerr] o[OCRerr] I 43 uiid.i[OCRerr]cut,iI priucipIc[OCRerr] 143 C[OCRerr]i[OCRerr]&)U[OCRerr] I[OCRerr]r, I Ci iii rcu[OCRerr]cnt[OCRerr] ii I 3 lc\t. 9 I U1i)i m it venc[OCRerr]s. 51 r[OCRerr]I ition to nccd, 47 I ition to question, 48 I[OCRerr]\t nI ited conccpt[OCRerr], 55 I \t [OCRerr]L ir[OCRerr]bing, compared vi ith minoUl index- mg [OCRerr]49 I li[OCRerr])ry of retrieval, 201 g[OCRerr]ncr ility o[OCRerr] 53 paucity of, 201 Tbes[OCRerr]uri, 219, 221, 24(1, 318 clUsses, 325 FJC type, 275, 285 INSPEC, 309, 314 ThomUs program, 21, 171 Time, statistics of, 26 Time enteria, 110 Top down development, 77 Treatments assigned to experimental units, 78 UKCIS investigation, 231, 233, 238, 242, 243, 244 Uniterm, 147, 148, 219, 221, 259, 270 ASTIA test, 261 compared with UDC, 223 Cranfield 1, 257, 264 Uniterm system, 136 Universal Decimal Classification, 136, 147, 221,259 Usefulness, concept of see also Effectiveness, 48 Usefulness (coat.) probability of, 36 relation to relevance, 36 User(s), as gedanken experimenter, 205 behaviour of, 231 constraints in testing, 130 co-operation in evaluation, 118, 119 definition, 10 desire of, 45 satisfaction of, 55 differing needs, 110 for precision and recall, II 2 effortof, 113 goalsof, 168 interaction with computer observation of behaviour, participation in INSPEC, relevance assessment, 297 role of, 44 SMART and, 322 studies of, 228 User-related concepts, 55 User- system interaction, 193 control of, I 26 Utility, 48 theory, 202 165, 171 131 285,287,312 Vjri iblc[OCRerr] 7 3[OCRerr] 248 comp irisons [OCRerr] 18 control of 115,230 C r inheld 1 259 C ranfield [OCRerr] [OCRerr]75 detection of changes, 27 distinctions 230 document collection and database, 61 explanatory, 15 identification of, 214 independent, 61 isolation of, 54 operationalizing, 61 relationships, 97 statistics of, 26, 27 variety of, 61 Vector product rule, 203 Vector space models, 157 Virtual attribute technique, 196 Vocabulary, degree of control, 62 linkage in, 62 Vocabulary weighting, 240 Washington International Conference on Scientific Information, 218 Western Reserve University Test see also Cranfield[OCRerr]Western Reserve University test, 138 index language, 220 Wilcoxon-Mann[OCRerr]Whitney test, 95 Wilcoxon signed ranks test, 152, 303 WUSCS, 144