============= Transaction # 1 ============================================== Transaction #: 1 Transaction Code: 0 (New Host Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:51:06 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 2 ============================================== Transaction #: 2 Transaction Code: 35 (New Host Connected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:51:07 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 3 ============================================== Transaction #: 3 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:53:53 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 6 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {drugs for the treatment of asthma})" ============= Transaction # 4 ============================================== Transaction #: 4 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:53:57 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 8389 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 5 ============================================== Transaction #: 5 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Review Time Cmd Complete: 16:54:06 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 6 ============================================== Transaction #: 6 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:54:11 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 7 ============================================== Transaction #: 7 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:55:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 8 ============================================== Transaction #: 8 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:55:30 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 8389 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 9 ============================================== Transaction #: 9 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:56:24 Selec. Rec. #: 11 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT933-3241 _AN-DIOCVABUFT 9309 15 FT 15 SEP 93 / World Trade News: Victory for Glaxo on asthma drug in US By PAUL ABRAHAMS GLAXO, Europe's biggest pharmaceutical group, will continue not to face gen eric competition in the US against its second best-selling drug, Ventolin, f ollowing a meeting of two Food and Drug Administration advisory committees y esterday. The committees, covering pulmonary and oncology affairs, and gener ic products, concluded they could not yet agree a way for generic companies to produce versions of off-patent asthma treatments delivered through inhale rs. Although Ventolin is off-patent in the US, there is no method for generi cs groups to manufacture a device that delivers the correct dosage into the lungs. The two bodies were concerned about both the safety and efficacy of g eneric inhaled asthma products. They decided further work was required to cr eate the protocols for generic devices to be licensed. The decision is posit ive for Glaxo, and Schering-Plough of the US, whose drug Proventil was also being considered. Companies:- Glaxo Holdings. < XX> Countries:- USZ United States of America. Industri es:- P2834 Pharmaceutical Preparations. Types:- < TP>COMP Company News. The Financial Times London P age 10 ============= Transaction # 10 ============================================== Transaction #: 10 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:56:41 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 8389 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 11 ============================================== Transaction #: 11 Transaction Code: 31 (Save Records Cancelled) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:56:54 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 12 ============================================== Transaction #: 12 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:58:49 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 7 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {drugs for the treatment of asthma ventolin})" ============= Transaction # 13 ============================================== Transaction #: 13 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:58:51 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 8390 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 14 ============================================== Transaction #: 14 Transaction Code: 15 (Terms Cleared) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:59:49 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 15 ============================================== Transaction #: 15 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:00:15 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 3 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {el nino effects})" ============= Transaction # 16 ============================================== Transaction #: 16 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:00:20 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 27547 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 17 ============================================== Transaction #: 17 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:01:04 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 27547 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 18 ============================================== Transaction #: 18 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:01:55 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 19 ============================================== Transaction #: 19 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:03:11 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 20 ============================================== Transaction #: 20 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:03:18 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT923-14358 _AN-CGHATADDFT 920 708 FT 08 JUL 92 / Commodities and Agriculture: El Nino drought 'appears to be over' By REUTER SYDNEY THE DROUGHT that has ravaged crops and cost hundreds of millions of dollars in countries across Asia and the South Pacific appears to be over, meteorologists say, reports Reuter from Sydney. Its cause, the climatic phenomenon known as El Nino, is dissipating with som e areas returning to normal weather conditions more quickly than others, the y said. Australia is among the first of the major agricultural producers to emerge from drought in most areas, while in India a return to normal rainfal l is expected in the late monsoon. China's northern provinces are still in t he grip of drought, however, though it is unlikely to have much impact on th e country's international trading position. 'We're now in the declining phas e of El Nino, it's global and it has had an effect since early last year all round the planet, particularly in the tropical regions,' an official at Aus tralia's National Climate Centre said. Ocean waters in the central and easte rn equatorial Pacific, which had warmed under El Nino were continuing to coo l quite rapidly, the climate centre reported. Australia, whose farm sector w as ravaged by drought and economic recession, has already felt the effect of the changing conditions. 'Australia tends to climb out of it earlier than o thers,' the official said. Drought conditions still persist in some areas of New South Wales and southern Queensland but local output of grain and sugar is forecast to recover significantly after last year's drought across easte rn Australia. The total value of wheat, coarse grains and sugar is forecast to rise by nearly 30 per cent to ADollars 3.14bn (Pounds 1.2bn) in the year to the end of June, 1993, compared with the previous drought-hit year. In In dia however, the change is taking longer to come through. 'It is expected to come back to average in the late monsoon season,' Australia's climate centr e official said. Erratic rains in India last year caused food grain output t o fall to about 171m tonnes in the year to June 30, 1992 from the previous y ear's record 176m tonnes. The Financial Times Lon don Page 32 ============= Transaction # 21 ============================================== Transaction #: 21 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:03:35 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 22 ============================================== Transaction #: 22 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:05:37 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 23 ============================================== Transaction #: 23 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:06:01 Selec. Rec. #: 2 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT921-10204 _AN-CBGA3ACSFT 920 207 FT 07 FEB 92 / Commodities and Agriculture: Keeping a weather-eye on a troublesome 'child' / A look at the crop problems posed b y the unpredictable El Nino climate phenomenon By BA RBARA DURR TO CALM anxious grain traders the Chicago Board of Trade will offer a seminar later this month on El Nino, the weather pheno menon that develops in the equatorial Pacific every three to five years and can cause global climate upsets. Grain traders are keen to know if they can expect this year's El Nino to disturb the US weather pattern sufficiently to make a dent in crop output. Although signs of El Nino had been accumulating during 1991, only last month did the the US National Weather Service finall y conclude publicly that the phenomenon was a fact. The symptoms had been sh owing themselves overseas since last spring - rising surface temperatures in the eastern and central Pacific, drought in the western Pacific rim from Au stralia through Indonesia, a weaker Indian monsoon, dryness in north-eastern Brazil, drought in South Africa and wetness last summer in the Great Basin of the US, which runs from Arizona north to Idaho. While many of these condi tions indicate that El Nino is occurring, they do not reveal its severity. T he phenomenon generally peaks in the northern hemisphere's winter. This help s explain why Peruvian fishermen dubbed the phenomenon El Nino, which means Christ child in Spanish. It arrived about Christmas time. Mr Vernon Kousky, a research meteorologist with the US weather service, now assesses the curre nt El Nino as 'moderate to strong'. While individual weather events cannot a lways be directly attributed to El Nino, some signals are indicative of its strength. Warm water in the Pacific is pushing moisture into the south-weste rn US, causing, for example, this winter's floods in Texas, according to Mr Art Douglas, chairman of the Creighton University's Atmospheric Sciences Dep artment. Along the Gulf of Mexico, from Texas to Florida, some areas have al ready had 200 per cent to 1,000 per cent of their normal rainfall. Temperatu res in that region are also beginning to dip below normal. At the same time the phenomenon is upsetting the Jet Stream, keeping extremely cold air far t o the north and moderating temperatures in the Midwest. The Midwest, America 's most important grain area, is seeing temperatures four or five degrees Fa hrenheit above normal, said Mr Jon Davis, the in-house meteorologist for She arson Lehman's commodities trading arm. The weather service predicts that mo re of the same will occur in those regions until spring and that the usually wet north-west is likely to be dryer, as is the Ohio valley. But what conce rns the grain trade more is what, if anything, will happen during the critic al planting and growing season for American crops from June to August. Unfor tunately, weather forecasting is not a precise science. Mr Kousky says that El Nino, usually a 12 to 18 month event, has another six to 12 months to run . But he points out that there is no consistent relationship between El Nino and the weather pattern beyond the winter-to-spring months. 'Anything can h appen,' he admits. Crop Cast, a Maryland-based weather forecasting service t hat is used by many US commodity trading houses, says that while El Nino has already affected South American soyabeans, South African maize and Australi an wheat, it is hoping to be able to predict potentially damaging crop effec ts in the US by looking at the coincidence of the El Nino with two other cli matological events, last year's eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Phillippin es and the combination of lunar and solar cycles. These additional factors a long with El Nino probably mean that a more extreme weather pattern bleeds o ver into summer, according to Mr Kevin Marcus, director of Crop Cast service s. He says the likelihood of extreme, hot and dry weather is 100 per cent, b ut gives only a one in three chance that this will have a significant impact on crops. The hot, dry weather would have to occur in July or early August to reduce the maize and soyabean crops significantly, that is by more than 1 0 per cent. But Mr Marcus is uncertain about how the three phenomena will in teract since there no established pattern. He is still waiting for more data on the severity of this year's El Nino. The phenomenon has prompted commodi ties markets to gyrate in the past. In 1972-73 the El Nino destroyed the Per uvian fishmeal catch, which then accounted for some 45 per cent of the world trade in protein feed. In 1982-83 it caused a drought in Africa, which help ed to send cocoa prices up by nearly 70 per cent over a period of about a ye ar. The Financial Times London Page 22 ============= Transaction # 24 ============================================== Transaction #: 24 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:06:24 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT923-14358 _AN-CGHATADDFT 920 708 FT 08 JUL 92 / Commodities and Agriculture: El Nino drought 'appears to be over' By REUTER SYDNEY THE DROUGHT that has ravaged crops and cost hundreds of millions of dollars in countries across Asia and the South Pacific appears to be over, meteorologists say, reports Reuter from Sydney. Its cause, the climatic phenomenon known as El Nino, is dissipating with som e areas returning to normal weather conditions more quickly than others, the y said. Australia is among the first of the major agricultural producers to emerge from drought in most areas, while in India a return to normal rainfal l is expected in the late monsoon. China's northern provinces are still in t he grip of drought, however, though it is unlikely to have much impact on th e country's international trading position. 'We're now in the declining phas e of El Nino, it's global and it has had an effect since early last year all round the planet, particularly in the tropical regions,' an official at Aus tralia's National Climate Centre said. Ocean waters in the central and easte rn equatorial Pacific, which had warmed under El Nino were continuing to coo l quite rapidly, the climate centre reported. Australia, whose farm sector w as ravaged by drought and economic recession, has already felt the effect of the changing conditions. 'Australia tends to climb out of it earlier than o thers,' the official said. Drought conditions still persist in some areas of New South Wales and southern Queensland but local output of grain and sugar is forecast to recover significantly after last year's drought across easte rn Australia. The total value of wheat, coarse grains and sugar is forecast to rise by nearly 30 per cent to ADollars 3.14bn (Pounds 1.2bn) in the year to the end of June, 1993, compared with the previous drought-hit year. In In dia however, the change is taking longer to come through. 'It is expected to come back to average in the late monsoon season,' Australia's climate centr e official said. Erratic rains in India last year caused food grain output t o fall to about 171m tonnes in the year to June 30, 1992 from the previous y ear's record 176m tonnes. The Financial Times Lon don Page 32 ============= Transaction # 25 ============================================== Transaction #: 25 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:06:24 Selec. Rec. #: 2 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT921-10204 _AN-CBGA3ACSFT 920 207 FT 07 FEB 92 / Commodities and Agriculture: Keeping a weather-eye on a troublesome 'child' / A look at the crop problems posed b y the unpredictable El Nino climate phenomenon By BA RBARA DURR TO CALM anxious grain traders the Chicago Board of Trade will offer a seminar later this month on El Nino, the weather pheno menon that develops in the equatorial Pacific every three to five years and can cause global climate upsets. Grain traders are keen to know if they can expect this year's El Nino to disturb the US weather pattern sufficiently to make a dent in crop output. Although signs of El Nino had been accumulating during 1991, only last month did the the US National Weather Service finall y conclude publicly that the phenomenon was a fact. The symptoms had been sh owing themselves overseas since last spring - rising surface temperatures in the eastern and central Pacific, drought in the western Pacific rim from Au stralia through Indonesia, a weaker Indian monsoon, dryness in north-eastern Brazil, drought in South Africa and wetness last summer in the Great Basin of the US, which runs from Arizona north to Idaho. While many of these condi tions indicate that El Nino is occurring, they do not reveal its severity. T he phenomenon generally peaks in the northern hemisphere's winter. This help s explain why Peruvian fishermen dubbed the phenomenon El Nino, which means Christ child in Spanish. It arrived about Christmas time. Mr Vernon Kousky, a research meteorologist with the US weather service, now assesses the curre nt El Nino as 'moderate to strong'. While individual weather events cannot a lways be directly attributed to El Nino, some signals are indicative of its strength. Warm water in the Pacific is pushing moisture into the south-weste rn US, causing, for example, this winter's floods in Texas, according to Mr Art Douglas, chairman of the Creighton University's Atmospheric Sciences Dep artment. Along the Gulf of Mexico, from Texas to Florida, some areas have al ready had 200 per cent to 1,000 per cent of their normal rainfall. Temperatu res in that region are also beginning to dip below normal. At the same time the phenomenon is upsetting the Jet Stream, keeping extremely cold air far t o the north and moderating temperatures in the Midwest. The Midwest, America 's most important grain area, is seeing temperatures four or five degrees Fa hrenheit above normal, said Mr Jon Davis, the in-house meteorologist for She arson Lehman's commodities trading arm. The weather service predicts that mo re of the same will occur in those regions until spring and that the usually wet north-west is likely to be dryer, as is the Ohio valley. But what conce rns the grain trade more is what, if anything, will happen during the critic al planting and growing season for American crops from June to August. Unfor tunately, weather forecasting is not a precise science. Mr Kousky says that El Nino, usually a 12 to 18 month event, has another six to 12 months to run . But he points out that there is no consistent relationship between El Nino and the weather pattern beyond the winter-to-spring months. 'Anything can h appen,' he admits. Crop Cast, a Maryland-based weather forecasting service t hat is used by many US commodity trading houses, says that while El Nino has already affected South American soyabeans, South African maize and Australi an wheat, it is hoping to be able to predict potentially damaging crop effec ts in the US by looking at the coincidence of the El Nino with two other cli matological events, last year's eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Phillippin es and the combination of lunar and solar cycles. These additional factors a long with El Nino probably mean that a more extreme weather pattern bleeds o ver into summer, according to Mr Kevin Marcus, director of Crop Cast service s. He says the likelihood of extreme, hot and dry weather is 100 per cent, b ut gives only a one in three chance that this will have a significant impact on crops. The hot, dry weather would have to occur in July or early August to reduce the maize and soyabean crops significantly, that is by more than 1 0 per cent. But Mr Marcus is uncertain about how the three phenomena will in teract since there no established pattern. He is still waiting for more data on the severity of this year's El Nino. The phenomenon has prompted commodi ties markets to gyrate in the past. In 1972-73 the El Nino destroyed the Per uvian fishmeal catch, which then accounted for some 45 per cent of the world trade in protein feed. In 1982-83 it caused a drought in Africa, which help ed to send cocoa prices up by nearly 70 per cent over a period of about a ye ar. The Financial Times London Page 22 ============= Transaction # 26 ============================================== Transaction #: 26 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:06:38 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 3 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {el nino impacts})" ============= Transaction # 27 ============================================== Transaction #: 27 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:06:41 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 11598 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 28 ============================================== Transaction #: 28 Transaction Code: 23 (Saved Recs. Viewed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:06:48 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 29 ============================================== Transaction #: 29 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:07:41 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 30 ============================================== Transaction #: 30 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:12:07 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 31 ============================================== Transaction #: 31 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:12:12 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT921-10204 _AN-CBGA3ACSFT 920 207 FT 07 FEB 92 / Commodities and Agriculture: Keeping a weather-eye on a troublesome 'child' / A look at the crop problems posed b y the unpredictable El Nino climate phenomenon By BA RBARA DURR TO CALM anxious grain traders the Chicago Board of Trade will offer a seminar later this month on El Nino, the weather pheno menon that develops in the equatorial Pacific every three to five years and can cause global climate upsets. Grain traders are keen to know if they can expect this year's El Nino to disturb the US weather pattern sufficiently to make a dent in crop output. Although signs of El Nino had been accumulating during 1991, only last month did the the US National Weather Service finall y conclude publicly that the phenomenon was a fact. The symptoms had been sh owing themselves overseas since last spring - rising surface temperatures in the eastern and central Pacific, drought in the western Pacific rim from Au stralia through Indonesia, a weaker Indian monsoon, dryness in north-eastern Brazil, drought in South Africa and wetness last summer in the Great Basin of the US, which runs from Arizona north to Idaho. While many of these condi tions indicate that El Nino is occurring, they do not reveal its severity. T he phenomenon generally peaks in the northern hemisphere's winter. This help s explain why Peruvian fishermen dubbed the phenomenon El Nino, which means Christ child in Spanish. It arrived about Christmas time. Mr Vernon Kousky, a research meteorologist with the US weather service, now assesses the curre nt El Nino as 'moderate to strong'. While individual weather events cannot a lways be directly attributed to El Nino, some signals are indicative of its strength. Warm water in the Pacific is pushing moisture into the south-weste rn US, causing, for example, this winter's floods in Texas, according to Mr Art Douglas, chairman of the Creighton University's Atmospheric Sciences Dep artment. Along the Gulf of Mexico, from Texas to Florida, some areas have al ready had 200 per cent to 1,000 per cent of their normal rainfall. Temperatu res in that region are also beginning to dip below normal. At the same time the phenomenon is upsetting the Jet Stream, keeping extremely cold air far t o the north and moderating temperatures in the Midwest. The Midwest, America 's most important grain area, is seeing temperatures four or five degrees Fa hrenheit above normal, said Mr Jon Davis, the in-house meteorologist for She arson Lehman's commodities trading arm. The weather service predicts that mo re of the same will occur in those regions until spring and that the usually wet north-west is likely to be dryer, as is the Ohio valley. But what conce rns the grain trade more is what, if anything, will happen during the critic al planting and growing season for American crops from June to August. Unfor tunately, weather forecasting is not a precise science. Mr Kousky says that El Nino, usually a 12 to 18 month event, has another six to 12 months to run . But he points out that there is no consistent relationship between El Nino and the weather pattern beyond the winter-to-spring months. 'Anything can h appen,' he admits. Crop Cast, a Maryland-based weather forecasting service t hat is used by many US commodity trading houses, says that while El Nino has already affected South American soyabeans, South African maize and Australi an wheat, it is hoping to be able to predict potentially damaging crop effec ts in the US by looking at the coincidence of the El Nino with two other cli matological events, last year's eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Phillippin es and the combination of lunar and solar cycles. These additional factors a long with El Nino probably mean that a more extreme weather pattern bleeds o ver into summer, according to Mr Kevin Marcus, director of Crop Cast service s. He says the likelihood of extreme, hot and dry weather is 100 per cent, b ut gives only a one in three chance that this will have a significant impact on crops. The hot, dry weather would have to occur in July or early August to reduce the maize and soyabean crops significantly, that is by more than 1 0 per cent. But Mr Marcus is uncertain about how the three phenomena will in teract since there no established pattern. He is still waiting for more data on the severity of this year's El Nino. The phenomenon has prompted commodi ties markets to gyrate in the past. In 1972-73 the El Nino destroyed the Per uvian fishmeal catch, which then accounted for some 45 per cent of the world trade in protein feed. In 1982-83 it caused a drought in Africa, which help ed to send cocoa prices up by nearly 70 per cent over a period of about a ye ar. The Financial Times London Page 22 ============= Transaction # 32 ============================================== Transaction #: 32 Transaction Code: 12 (Record Relevance Feedback) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:12:20 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. 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Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 36 ============================================== Transaction #: 36 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:16:58 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 3 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {territorial waters dispute})" ============= Transaction # 37 ============================================== Transaction #: 37 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:17:03 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 20525 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 38 ============================================== Transaction #: 38 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:18:32 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 39 ============================================== Transaction #: 39 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:18:55 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 40 ============================================== Transaction #: 40 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:19:10 Selec. Rec. #: 7 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT944-9398 _AN-EKPEKABFFT 9411 16 FT 16 NOV 94 / Law of the Sea promises many disputes By BRUCE CLARK, Diplomatic Correspondent < TEXT> The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which enters full force today, seems likely to be treated by coastal states as a rich source of legal and rhetorical arguments to be used against rivals. This is in spit e of the fact that the last thing the law's drafters wanted was to provide d isputatious countries with extra torpedoes. One of the law's ostensible purp oses is to encourage compromises over the exploitation of maritime resources , even among countries with unresolved disputes. Apart from a standoff in th e Aegean - where Turkey has threatened war if Greece extends its territorial waters to 12 miles - one of the most grave maritime disputes involves China and Vietnam, locked in a war of words over oil rights in the South China Se a. Both China and Vietnam claim to be acting in accordance with the Law of t he Sea but their interpretations of the document are miles apart. Over the l ast month, China has accused Vietnam of infringing its interests in internat ional waters by inviting US and European companies to explore for oil in the Tonkin Gulf. Vietnam has retorted that it is exercising its legitimate righ ts in the economic zone to which it is entitled by the UN convention. It sai d that under the terms of that treaty, there were no international waters in the Gulf. This dialogue of the deaf reflects confusion over the difference between territorial waters - which may be extended, under the UN Law, up to 12 miles -and the 'economic zone' which coastal states are entitled to clai m, amounting to either 200 miles or the full extent of their continental she lf, whichever is larger. China and Vietnam are also arguing over resources a round the Spratly Islands, a group of reefs and atolls whose other would-be owners are Taiwan, Brunei, Malaysia and the Philippines. China has awarded a n exploration contract to the US company Crestone for an area south-west of the Spratlys, while Vietnam has awarded a consortium led by Mobil a bloc sli ghtly further to the west. Each state has denounced the other's contract. So vereignty over the Spratlys - and hence control of the surrounding economic zone - is crucial to each side's claim to energy rights, and the salience of this issue is expected to grow as the UN convention enters force. However a study by a London-based law firm, maintains that the law favours pragmatic joint exploitation accords, even among countries with unresolved disputes.* Laying out the common-sense arguments for such accords, it notes that oil de posits which straddle two states' economic zones cannot be exploited by one without damaging the other's interests. When one state drills, oil from the rival state's zone is liable to flow across the boundary line as a result. A rticle 83 of the UN convention says that pending final agreement on zones, c ountries should 'make every effort to enter into provisional arrangements of a practical nature'. As an example of such a deal, the study cites the 1989 accord between Australia and Indonesia over waters south of Timor. However, such accords are not a panacea. Portugal - still seen by the UN as legal ad ministrator of East Timor - has challenged Australia's right to enter the ac cord, before the International Court of Justice. The entry into force of the UN Law comes a year after its ratification by the minimum of 60 states. Ano ther breakthrough came this summer when provisions on deep-sea mining - outs ide the zones of any country - were amended so as to convince the US, the UK and Germany to sign. *Paper by Charles Robson of Lovell White Durrant, 65 H olborn Viaduct, London EC1A 2DY Countries:- CNZ Chin a, Asia. VNZ Vietnam, Asia. XAZ World. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS Gener al News. The Financial Times London Page 6 ============= Transaction # 41 ============================================== Transaction #: 41 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:21:12 Selec. Rec. #: 6 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT921-6610 _AN-CB0CIAA7FT 9202 27 FT 27 FEB 92 / Japan 'regrets' fisheries deal By STEFAN WAGSTYL TOKYO JAPAN has expressed its regret about an agreement between Russia and South Korea for South Korea to fish in waters near the Russian-held Kurile Islands which are claimed by Japan, Stefan Wagstyl reports from Tokyo. The i slands, which lie off the northern coast of Japan, were seized by the Soviet Union at the end of the Second World War and have since been the subject of a territorial dispute. Tokyo hopes the end of the Cold War could lead to se rious negotiations with Moscow over the islands. But Russian leaders have ye t to go beyond expressing wishes for a peaceful settlement of the dispute. < /TEXT> The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 42 ============================================== Transaction #: 42 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:22:45 Selec. Rec. #: 7 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT944-9398 _AN-EKPEKABFFT 9411 16 FT 16 NOV 94 / Law of the Sea promises many disputes By BRUCE CLARK, Diplomatic Correspondent < TEXT> The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which enters full force today, seems likely to be treated by coastal states as a rich source of legal and rhetorical arguments to be used against rivals. This is in spit e of the fact that the last thing the law's drafters wanted was to provide d isputatious countries with extra torpedoes. One of the law's ostensible purp oses is to encourage compromises over the exploitation of maritime resources , even among countries with unresolved disputes. Apart from a standoff in th e Aegean - where Turkey has threatened war if Greece extends its territorial waters to 12 miles - one of the most grave maritime disputes involves China and Vietnam, locked in a war of words over oil rights in the South China Se a. Both China and Vietnam claim to be acting in accordance with the Law of t he Sea but their interpretations of the document are miles apart. Over the l ast month, China has accused Vietnam of infringing its interests in internat ional waters by inviting US and European companies to explore for oil in the Tonkin Gulf. Vietnam has retorted that it is exercising its legitimate righ ts in the economic zone to which it is entitled by the UN convention. It sai d that under the terms of that treaty, there were no international waters in the Gulf. This dialogue of the deaf reflects confusion over the difference between territorial waters - which may be extended, under the UN Law, up to 12 miles -and the 'economic zone' which coastal states are entitled to clai m, amounting to either 200 miles or the full extent of their continental she lf, whichever is larger. China and Vietnam are also arguing over resources a round the Spratly Islands, a group of reefs and atolls whose other would-be owners are Taiwan, Brunei, Malaysia and the Philippines. China has awarded a n exploration contract to the US company Crestone for an area south-west of the Spratlys, while Vietnam has awarded a consortium led by Mobil a bloc sli ghtly further to the west. Each state has denounced the other's contract. So vereignty over the Spratlys - and hence control of the surrounding economic zone - is crucial to each side's claim to energy rights, and the salience of this issue is expected to grow as the UN convention enters force. However a study by a London-based law firm, maintains that the law favours pragmatic joint exploitation accords, even among countries with unresolved disputes.* Laying out the common-sense arguments for such accords, it notes that oil de posits which straddle two states' economic zones cannot be exploited by one without damaging the other's interests. When one state drills, oil from the rival state's zone is liable to flow across the boundary line as a result. A rticle 83 of the UN convention says that pending final agreement on zones, c ountries should 'make every effort to enter into provisional arrangements of a practical nature'. As an example of such a deal, the study cites the 1989 accord between Australia and Indonesia over waters south of Timor. However, such accords are not a panacea. Portugal - still seen by the UN as legal ad ministrator of East Timor - has challenged Australia's right to enter the ac cord, before the International Court of Justice. The entry into force of the UN Law comes a year after its ratification by the minimum of 60 states. Ano ther breakthrough came this summer when provisions on deep-sea mining - outs ide the zones of any country - were amended so as to convince the US, the UK and Germany to sign. *Paper by Charles Robson of Lovell White Durrant, 65 H olborn Viaduct, London EC1A 2DY Countries:- CNZ Chin a, Asia. VNZ Vietnam, Asia. XAZ World. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS Gener al News. The Financial Times London Page 6 ============= Transaction # 43 ============================================== Transaction #: 43 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:22:45 Selec. Rec. #: 6 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT921-6610 _AN-CB0CIAA7FT 9202 27 FT 27 FEB 92 / Japan 'regrets' fisheries deal By STEFAN WAGSTYL TOKYO JAPAN has expressed its regret about an agreement between Russia and South Korea for South Korea to fish in waters near the Russian-held Kurile Islands which are claimed by Japan, Stefan Wagstyl reports from Tokyo. The i slands, which lie off the northern coast of Japan, were seized by the Soviet Union at the end of the Second World War and have since been the subject of a territorial dispute. Tokyo hopes the end of the Cold War could lead to se rious negotiations with Moscow over the islands. But Russian leaders have ye t to go beyond expressing wishes for a peaceful settlement of the dispute. < /TEXT> The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 44 ============================================== Transaction #: 44 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:22:47 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 4 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {law of the sea})" ============= Transaction # 45 ============================================== Transaction #: 45 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:22:56 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 18797 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 46 ============================================== Transaction #: 46 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:23:23 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 47 ============================================== Transaction #: 47 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:23:42 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 48 ============================================== Transaction #: 48 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:25:05 Selec. Rec. #: 3 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT944-9095 _AN-EKQEIABOFT 9411 17 FT 17 NOV 94 / Australia extends offshore zone By NIKKI TAIT SYDNEY < TEXT> Australia doubled in size yesterday, as it formally claimed massive ne w offshore territory under an international 'law of the sea' convention. The 1982 United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea, which was finally rat ified this year, aims to divide about 35 per cent of the world's oceans amon g over 100 countries. In Australia's case it means that the country can clai m an exclusive economic zone extending 200 nautical miles from its baselines , instead of the traditional 12 miles. Because of the nation's extensive coa stline it is now claiming around 5.7m sq miles of ocean water, of which 4.2m sq miles derives from the new extended nautical limits. As a result, Austra lia can boast one of the largest 'exclusive economic zones' in the world. Wh ile much of the additional territory is undisputed, there is disagreement wi th Indonesia over territory around Christmas Island and off the north coast of Australia, including the resource-rich Timor Gap. Countries: - AUZ Australia. Industries:- P9511 Air, Wat er, and Solid Waste Management. Types:- NEWS General N ews. The Financial Times London Page 7 ============= Transaction # 49 ============================================== Transaction #: 49 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:25:35 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 50 ============================================== Transaction #: 50 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:25:47 Selec. Rec. #: 3 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT944-9095 _AN-EKQEIABOFT 9411 17 FT 17 NOV 94 / Australia extends offshore zone By NIKKI TAIT SYDNEY < TEXT> Australia doubled in size yesterday, as it formally claimed massive ne w offshore territory under an international 'law of the sea' convention. The 1982 United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea, which was finally rat ified this year, aims to divide about 35 per cent of the world's oceans amon g over 100 countries. In Australia's case it means that the country can clai m an exclusive economic zone extending 200 nautical miles from its baselines , instead of the traditional 12 miles. Because of the nation's extensive coa stline it is now claiming around 5.7m sq miles of ocean water, of which 4.2m sq miles derives from the new extended nautical limits. As a result, Austra lia can boast one of the largest 'exclusive economic zones' in the world. Wh ile much of the additional territory is undisputed, there is disagreement wi th Indonesia over territory around Christmas Island and off the north coast of Australia, including the resource-rich Timor Gap. Countries: - AUZ Australia. Industries:- P9511 Air, Wat er, and Solid Waste Management. Types:- NEWS General N ews. The Financial Times London Page 7 ============= Transaction # 51 ============================================== Transaction #: 51 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:26:25 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 4 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {12 mile territorial waters})" ============= Transaction # 52 ============================================== Transaction #: 52 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:26:33 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 46626 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 53 ============================================== Transaction #: 53 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:26:41 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 54 ============================================== Transaction #: 54 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:28:31 Selec. Rec. #: 5 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT933-9214 _AN-DHKB7ADMFT 9308 11 FT 11 AUG 93 / Argentine threat to UK over S Atlantic fishing By JOHN BARHAM BUEN OS AIRES ARGENTINA has threatened to retaliate against th e UK's introduction of a new fishing licence regime in the waters around the British-held South Georgia and South Sandwich islands, which Argentina clai ms as its own. Mr Guido di Tella, foreign minister, said: 'Britain will pay a very high price for this joke.' He said Argentina would censure the Britis h decision in multilateral conservation bodies covering the Antarctic. Howev er, the ministry did not expand on what price Argentina planned to exact fro m the UK or how it would do so. Britain had told Argentina privately that it intended to introduce a fishing regime in the two islands' territorial wate rs on August 1, but made no statement on the issue. Mr Di Tella only announc ed the British decision on Monday. London had already extended to 200 miles, from 12 miles, the islands' territorial waters prior to imposing the licenc e regime, similar to one introduced in the nearby Falkland Islands seven yea rs ago. UK officials said they have already received considerable signs of i nterest from fishing companies to take out the new licences, with fees to be based on a percentage of the catch. Debate in Argentina over the future of the Falkland Islands has intensified in the past 10 days, after it had emerg ed that the Argentine government was considering the concession, under its s overeignty, of a special status for the islands, similar to Puerto Rico's st atus as an associate of the US. This would enable the islands to retain all their present rights of self-determination, the use of sterling as currency, and allegiance to the British crown, while transferring only formal soverei gnty to Argentina. However, some Argentine analysts feared that changing the nature of Argentina's claim to the islands was only a prelude to surrenderi ng it altogether. Countries:- ARZ Argentina, South A merica. Industries:- P09 Fishing, Hunting, and Trappi ng. P091 Commercial Fishing. Types:- NEWS General News. The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 55 ============================================== Transaction #: 55 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:29:19 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 46626 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 56 ============================================== Transaction #: 56 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:29:24 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 57 ============================================== Transaction #: 57 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:29:39 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 58 ============================================== Transaction #: 58 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:31:14 Selec. Rec. #: 5 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT933-9214 _AN-DHKB7ADMFT 9308 11 FT 11 AUG 93 / Argentine threat to UK over S Atlantic fishing By JOHN BARHAM BUEN OS AIRES ARGENTINA has threatened to retaliate against th e UK's introduction of a new fishing licence regime in the waters around the British-held South Georgia and South Sandwich islands, which Argentina clai ms as its own. Mr Guido di Tella, foreign minister, said: 'Britain will pay a very high price for this joke.' He said Argentina would censure the Britis h decision in multilateral conservation bodies covering the Antarctic. Howev er, the ministry did not expand on what price Argentina planned to exact fro m the UK or how it would do so. Britain had told Argentina privately that it intended to introduce a fishing regime in the two islands' territorial wate rs on August 1, but made no statement on the issue. Mr Di Tella only announc ed the British decision on Monday. London had already extended to 200 miles, from 12 miles, the islands' territorial waters prior to imposing the licenc e regime, similar to one introduced in the nearby Falkland Islands seven yea rs ago. UK officials said they have already received considerable signs of i nterest from fishing companies to take out the new licences, with fees to be based on a percentage of the catch. Debate in Argentina over the future of the Falkland Islands has intensified in the past 10 days, after it had emerg ed that the Argentine government was considering the concession, under its s overeignty, of a special status for the islands, similar to Puerto Rico's st atus as an associate of the US. This would enable the islands to retain all their present rights of self-determination, the use of sterling as currency, and allegiance to the British crown, while transferring only formal soverei gnty to Argentina. However, some Argentine analysts feared that changing the nature of Argentina's claim to the islands was only a prelude to surrenderi ng it altogether. Countries:- ARZ Argentina, South A merica. Industries:- P09 Fishing, Hunting, and Trappi ng. P091 Commercial Fishing. Types:- NEWS General News. The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 59 ============================================== Transaction #: 59 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:31:17 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 5 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {200 mile special economic zone})" ============= Transaction # 60 ============================================== Transaction #: 60 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:31:27 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 56350 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 61 ============================================== Transaction #: 61 Transaction Code: 15 (Terms Cleared) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:27 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 62 ============================================== Transaction #: 62 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT922-8555 _AN-CEMBDAANFT 9205 13 FT 13 MAY 92 / Economic zone status for Lhasa By REUTER BEIJING CHINA is planning to set up a special economic zone in Lhasa, the troubled capital of Tibet, Reuter reports from Beijing. The zone will imitate those operating in China's flourishing coastal regions, the official China Daily s aid yesterday. It quoted Tibet's vice governor Gyamtso as saying lack of ope n-mindedness had impeded the region's development in the past. Tibet has bee n rocked by sporadic riots since Buddhist monks demonstrated against Chinese rule in late 1987, prompting police to open fire on protesters. The region' s exiled spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, says more than 1m Tibetans have b een killed since China took control of his country, now called the Tibet Aut onomous Region, in 1950. He said on Monday that youngsters in the region wer e becoming impatient with his message of non-violence. China Daily said Tibe t's local government is drawing up preferential investment policies for the Lhasa special economic zone, including tax breaks and low land-use fees. The isolated region plans to open several new border trading ports, it said wit hout giving details. Currently Tibet's sole air link is with Chengdu, in nei ghbouring Sichuan province. 'The action is part of Tibet's efforts to open i ts door wider to the outside world and step up economic development, in the wake of (senior leader) Deng Xiaoping's urge for bolder reform,' Gyamtso tol d the newspaper. He said the region was considering a second economic zone i n Jiangzi county, 200km (125 miles) from the Indian border. The Financial Times London Page 6 ============= Transaction # 63 ============================================== Transaction #: 63 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 2 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT944-9095 _AN-EKQEIABOFT 9411 17 FT 17 NOV 94 / Australia extends offshore zone By NIKKI TAIT SYDNEY < TEXT> Australia doubled in size yesterday, as it formally claimed massive ne w offshore territory under an international 'law of the sea' convention. The 1982 United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea, which was finally rat ified this year, aims to divide about 35 per cent of the world's oceans amon g over 100 countries. In Australia's case it means that the country can clai m an exclusive economic zone extending 200 nautical miles from its baselines , instead of the traditional 12 miles. Because of the nation's extensive coa stline it is now claiming around 5.7m sq miles of ocean water, of which 4.2m sq miles derives from the new extended nautical limits. As a result, Austra lia can boast one of the largest 'exclusive economic zones' in the world. Wh ile much of the additional territory is undisputed, there is disagreement wi th Indonesia over territory around Christmas Island and off the north coast of Australia, including the resource-rich Timor Gap. Countries: - AUZ Australia. Industries:- P9511 Air, Wat er, and Solid Waste Management. Types:- NEWS General N ews. The Financial Times London Page 7 ============= Transaction # 64 ============================================== Transaction #: 64 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 3 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT922-15536 _AN-CDABOAA7FT 920 401 FT 01 APR 92 / World Trade News: China's oldest econ omic zone to expand By AP HO NG KONG CHINA'S oldest special economic zone plans to exp and its borders beyond Shenzhen, official reports said yesterday, in another sign of Beijing's renewed support for free-market reforms, AP reports from Hong Kong. The official China News Agency, in a dispatch from Beijing, said the zone, a centre for capitalist-style development in China, would grow six times in size when it absorbed nearby Bao'an County. The zone, now 327.5 sq km (126 square miles), borders the British colony of Hong Kong. The Financial Times London Page 6 ============= Transaction # 65 ============================================== Transaction #: 65 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 4 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT924-348 _AN-CL3BJADIFT 92122 9 FT 29 DEC 92 / World News in Brief: China blows up mou ntain Chinese soldiers used 12,000 tonnes of dynamite to blow up a mountain standing in the way of expansion of an airport in the Zhu hai special economic zone. The explosion, equivalent to an earthquake measur ing 3.4 on the Richter scale, rattled windows 40 miles away in Hong Kong. The Financial Times International Page 1 ============= Transaction # 66 ============================================== Transaction #: 66 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 5 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT933-8889 _AN-DHMBNAA2FT 9308 13 FT 13 AUG 93 / China closes down 1,000 local developm ent zones By LYNNE O'DONNELL and ALEXANDER NICOLL BEIJING, LONDON THE Chinese governm ent, stepping up its drive to stop wasteful spending and curb the country's overheated growth rate, yesterday announced the closure of most economic dev elopment zones established by local governments to attract investment. Xinhu a, the official news agency, said 1,000 zones in southern coastal areas had been shut down, and the remaining 200 were being inspected with a view to fu rther closures. The measure will have no effect on special economic zones au thorised by the central government to promote economic reform and growth, su ch as Shenzhen, just across the border from Hong Kong. The zones being close d were set up by local officials who were attracted by real estate profits a nd offered tax breaks and other unauthorised incentives to match the attract ions of authorised investment areas. Mr Hu Ping, director of the Special Eco nomic Zone Office, said the State Council, China's cabinet, had approved onl y 30 economic and technological development zones in the coastal areas. He s aid only 10 per cent of the unauthorised zones had been beneficial for the l ocal economy. One-fifth were waiting for money to start planned projects. Th ey tied up scarce farmland, slowing agricultural production, he added. 'The objective is to stop land which has little prospect of development in the ne ar future from being cordoned off when it could be used for crop growing,' M r Hu said. Profligate spending and corruption among local officials are part icular targets of the campaign of Mr Zhu Rongji, vice premier and central ba nk governor, to curb money supply and inflationary growth. According to Chin a Focus, a publication of the Princeton China Initiative in the US, Mr Zhu r ecently criticised officials in Guangxi province, in south-west China, who h ad ploughed over and fenced off 15,000 square kilometres of farmland of whic h 1 per cent had so far been taken up by construction. Calculating that deve loping the land would cost the entire national development budget for six ye ars, Mr Zhu is reported to have asked them: 'Just let me know where the mone y is coming from. . . What is the rest of the nation to do meanwhile?' Xinhu a yesterday said officials in Beihai city, Guangxi province, had approved do zens of questionable property schemes, including casinos. China's trade defi cit was Dollars 4.62bn in the first seven months of 1993, although trade off icials are confident the current austerity measures will help achieve a surp lus for 1992 by the year-end. Exports were up 4.7 per cent to Dollars 44.78b n over the same period of last year, and imports up 25.7 per cent to Dollars 49.4bn. Countries:- CNZ China, Asia. Ind ustries:- P9532 Urban and Community Development. P9311 Finance , Taxation, and Monetary Policy. Types:- MKTS Foreign trade. GOVT Government News. The Financial Times London Page 3 ============= Transaction # 67 ============================================== Transaction #: 67 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 6 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT922-10229 _AN-CEAA3AGSFT 920 501 FT 01 MAY 92 / Survey of Building for Asia's Future (11): Another Asian dragon rises AN economic power house is being created in the southern provinces of China, Hong Kong and Macao. In Guangdong, Hainan, Fujien and to a lesser extent Shanghai, the dead hand of central government control has been lifted and enterprise is being given it s head. Development in Hong Kong and Macao - airports, ports, electric powe r and telecommunications - is occurring as a result of the southern Chinese economic miracle. The scale of the task in developing the region's infrastr ucture is illustrated by the fact that Guangdong, with a population of 63m, is larger than the UK but its total electricity generating capacity equals o nly 5 per cent of Britain's. This decade may see the electrification of sout hern China, construction of big airports, creation of a telecommunications n etwork, and the paving of thousands of miles of highways. Guangdong and Hong Kong are planning large rises in electricity capacity. Generating capacity in Guangdong amounted to 8,280MW in 1990, but is planned to increase to 14,3 00MW by 1995 and to produce 20,000MW by the year 2000. GEC-Alsthom has just won a Pounds 550m contract to build two coal-fired 650MW units at Shajiao, o n the Pearl River. In Hong Kong - where electricity generating capacity of 8,387MW is greater than Guangdong's - there are plans to increase nearly do uble capacity over the next 15 years. Anyone who has travelled on Guangdong' s road system will appreciate the need for improvement. Most roads in Guangd ong are single-lane dual carriage ways, with traffic moving at a snail's pac e. Mr Gordon Wu, managing director of Hopewell Holdings of Hong Kong, is bui lding a six-lane 304km super-highway, the first phase of which will connect Shenzhen, on the Hong Kong border, with the provincial capital of Guangzhou. By the end of the century, within a radius of less than 50 nautical miles f rom the centre of Hong Kong, there will be three airports capable of dealing with international passenger and cargo traffic, and internal China trade. T he largest of the three will be situated at Chek Lap Kok, a small island to the north of Lantau. Due for opening some time in 1997 - the year China res umes sovereignty over the British colony - the airport will have a cargo ca pacity of 1m tonnes a year and ability to handle 20m passengers a year. A pl anned international airport for Macao - which reverts from Portugal to Chin a in 1999 - will open up the Zhuhai special economic zone. By the year 2000 it is forecast to handle over 6m passengers and 123,000 tonnes of cargo a y ear. The smallest is an airport just completed at Shenzhen, the special econ omic zone which borders Hong Kong. It has a planned capacity, by 2000, of 5. 5m passengers and nearly 200,000 tonnes of cargo a year. In Hong Kong there are an average of 54 telephones for every 100 people; in Shenzhen, there are 17; in Guangdong the figure falls to three; and for the whole of China it i s less than one. China has embarked on a Dollars 6bn telecoms programme, but that is just the beginning. Hong Kong's biggest infrastructural advantage h as been its natural harbour. But its franchise is coming under threat from a more outward-looking China. Work on an ambitious container terminal at Yant ian, just across Hong Kong's eastern border, is already advanced. To the wes t, Shekou has succeeded in attracting one Middle Eastern shipping company to its shallower container facilities in the Pearl River and a European shippi ng line is negotiating to set up a direct route. A third big deep-water port is planned in Gaolan, next to the Special Economic Zone of Zhuhai. Further afield, free ports are being set up in Yangpu in Northern Hainan island and in the city of Xiamen, opposite Taiwan. These two special zones have the avo wed intent of mirroring the success of Hong Kong and are well located to do so. Local business remains confident that Hong Kong's infrastructure will gi ve it the edge. 'The cake is getting sufficiently bigger, so there is enough for all of us', said one terminal operator. This view is reflected in the g rowing number of consortia preparing to bid for the territory's ninth contai ner terminal. 'Transport infrastructure is fundamental to Hong Kong's future success,' said Mr Alisdair Morrison, managing director of the Jardine Mathe son group's property arm Hongkong Land, one of a number of companies to expr ess an interest in bidding for the new terminal, due to open in 1995. 'As Ho ng Kong integrates with southern China, it is the manufacturing sector and t he physical movement of its goods which is at the forefront of Hong Kong's g rowth. The port is the mechanism for taking advantage of that', said Mr Morr ison. The emerging ports over the border seem likely to act as feeder ports for Hong Kong, as will also be the case with the new deep-water port in Maca o. All the Pearl River ports suffer from silting and offer difficult access. In the short term, they should enhance Hong Kong's position as a regional h ub. Total container output for the whole of China was only 1.5m Twenty-foot Equivalent Units (TEUs) in 1990, compared with in excess of 5m TEUs out of H ong Kong. The turnaround for a container in Hong Kong is measured in hours, while operators claim that in China it has to be measured in days or even we eks. The Hong Kong government estimates that the number of fully-containeris ed vessels utilising the port will increase from 8,390 in 1990 to 21,000 by 2001. 'I would even question whether Hong Kong can offer enough capacity in the next five years. It's going to be very tough. Some of the business is go ing to go to other places, but there's more than enough business for everybo dy', said Mr David Allen, managing director of Asia Terminals. The Financial Times London Page 32 ============= Transaction # 68 ============================================== Transaction #: 68 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 7 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT944-9398 _AN-EKPEKABFFT 9411 16 FT 16 NOV 94 / Law of the Sea promises many disputes By BRUCE CLARK, Diplomatic Correspondent < TEXT> The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, which enters full force today, seems likely to be treated by coastal states as a rich source of legal and rhetorical arguments to be used against rivals. This is in spit e of the fact that the last thing the law's drafters wanted was to provide d isputatious countries with extra torpedoes. One of the law's ostensible purp oses is to encourage compromises over the exploitation of maritime resources , even among countries with unresolved disputes. Apart from a standoff in th e Aegean - where Turkey has threatened war if Greece extends its territorial waters to 12 miles - one of the most grave maritime disputes involves China and Vietnam, locked in a war of words over oil rights in the South China Se a. Both China and Vietnam claim to be acting in accordance with the Law of t he Sea but their interpretations of the document are miles apart. Over the l ast month, China has accused Vietnam of infringing its interests in internat ional waters by inviting US and European companies to explore for oil in the Tonkin Gulf. Vietnam has retorted that it is exercising its legitimate righ ts in the economic zone to which it is entitled by the UN convention. It sai d that under the terms of that treaty, there were no international waters in the Gulf. This dialogue of the deaf reflects confusion over the difference between territorial waters - which may be extended, under the UN Law, up to 12 miles -and the 'economic zone' which coastal states are entitled to clai m, amounting to either 200 miles or the full extent of their continental she lf, whichever is larger. China and Vietnam are also arguing over resources a round the Spratly Islands, a group of reefs and atolls whose other would-be owners are Taiwan, Brunei, Malaysia and the Philippines. China has awarded a n exploration contract to the US company Crestone for an area south-west of the Spratlys, while Vietnam has awarded a consortium led by Mobil a bloc sli ghtly further to the west. Each state has denounced the other's contract. So vereignty over the Spratlys - and hence control of the surrounding economic zone - is crucial to each side's claim to energy rights, and the salience of this issue is expected to grow as the UN convention enters force. However a study by a London-based law firm, maintains that the law favours pragmatic joint exploitation accords, even among countries with unresolved disputes.* Laying out the common-sense arguments for such accords, it notes that oil de posits which straddle two states' economic zones cannot be exploited by one without damaging the other's interests. When one state drills, oil from the rival state's zone is liable to flow across the boundary line as a result. A rticle 83 of the UN convention says that pending final agreement on zones, c ountries should 'make every effort to enter into provisional arrangements of a practical nature'. As an example of such a deal, the study cites the 1989 accord between Australia and Indonesia over waters south of Timor. However, such accords are not a panacea. Portugal - still seen by the UN as legal ad ministrator of East Timor - has challenged Australia's right to enter the ac cord, before the International Court of Justice. The entry into force of the UN Law comes a year after its ratification by the minimum of 60 states. Ano ther breakthrough came this summer when provisions on deep-sea mining - outs ide the zones of any country - were amended so as to convince the US, the UK and Germany to sign. *Paper by Charles Robson of Lovell White Durrant, 65 H olborn Viaduct, London EC1A 2DY Countries:- CNZ Chin a, Asia. VNZ Vietnam, Asia. XAZ World. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS Gener al News. The Financial Times London Page 6 ============= Transaction # 69 ============================================== Transaction #: 69 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 8 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT922-8413 _AN-CEMBDAEMFT 9205 13 FT 13 MAY 92 / China announces special economic zone for Lhasa By REUTER BEIJING China is planning to set up a special economic zone in Lh asa, the troubled capital of Tibet, Reuter reports from Beijing. The zone wi ll imitate those operating in China's flourishing coastal regions, the offic ial China Daily said yesterday. It quoted Tibet's vice governor Gyamtso as s aying lack of open-mindedness had impeded the region's development in the pa st. Tibet has been rocked by sporadic riots since Buddhist monks demonstrate d against Chinese rule in late 1987, prompting police to open fire on protes ters. The region's exiled spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, syas more than 1 m Tibetans have been killed since China took control of his country, now cal led the Tibet Autonomous Region, in 1950. China Daily said Tibet's local gov ernment is drawing up preferential investment policies for the Lhasa special economic zone, including tax breaks and low land-use fees. The isolated re gion plans to open several new border trading ports. Currently Tibet's sole air link is with Chengdu, in neighbouring Sichuan province. Th e Financial Times London Page 6 ============= Transaction # 70 ============================================== Transaction #: 70 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 9 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT922-14709 _AN-CDEAFAD1FT 920 404 FT 04 APR 92 / Kohl wants ex-Soviet states barred fr om joining the EC By CHRISTOPHER PARKES BONN FORMER republics of the Soviet Union sho uld not be allowed to join the European Community, Chancellor Helmut Kohl of Germany said in Bonn last night. Presenting an ambitious vision of a contin ent comprising two linked economic blocs, he said the eastward expansion of the European Community should stop with the accession of Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Former Soviet states should form their own economic zone, h e added. Outlining what he called his 'future Ostpolitik', he urged the Comm unity to sign special treaties with the newly-independent countries to help them rebuild their economies and develop a second economic group which could act as a 'bridge from Europe to Asia'. Formal association agreements with G ermany's nearest eastern neighbours would allow them to become full EC membe rs. 'The EC should also relate to the states of the former Soviet Union, but not in the same way. The right means is through special eastern treaties, w hich go beyond conventional co-operation agreements, rather than association ,' Mr Kohl told an audience which included Mr Jacques Delors, European Commi ssion president, and Mr Edward Shevardnadze, former Soviet foreign minister who now heads the state council in Georgia. 'Our realistic aim must be to su pport them in their efforts towards real economic integration among themselv es,' Mr Kohl said. Once this had been achieved, the goal must be to interloc k the enlarged EC with the eastern economic group. Painting a picture of a p olitically stable, economically successful and militarily secure Europe, he stressed the role of Nato. It had to remain as the anchor of European securi ty. Most importantly, only the continued existence of Nato could guarantee ' the necessary presence of the US in Europe'. The Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe should also be given a greater say in security matter s. To stabilise the situation in the east, he said, the west would have to o pen up its markets to help businesses generate investment capital. In future , all financial and economic aid should be directed towards helping the new democracies to help themselves. The economics minister, Mr Jurgen Mollemann, meanwhile announced a DM500,000 (Pounds 175,500) subsidy for an east-west e conomics conference to be held in Munster next month. About 200 east Europea n politicians and economists will be entertained at Bonn's expense while Gro up of Seven and Portuguese delegates will pay their own bills. Yeltsin's dep uty quits, Page 2 The Financial Times London Page 1 ============= Transaction # 71 ============================================== Transaction #: 71 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 10 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT922-3431 _AN-CFKBHADSFT 9206 11 FT 11 JUN 92 / Compromise over islands By REUTER NEW YORK AN i nternational court of arbitration yesterday ended a 25-year-old dispute betw een France and Canada over territorial waters claimed by the tiny French Atl antic Ocean islands of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, Reuter reports from New Yo rk. The court, in a 3-to-2 vote, ruled that the islands, off the coast of Ne wfoundland and Nova Scotia, have fishing rights up to 24 miles (40km) off th eir shores. They were also given a narrow 10.5-mile corridor that stretches 200 miles into the Atlantic. France had claimed fishing rights extending 200 miles from both islands. Canada had offered just a 12-mile limit. A drillin g moratorium in the disputed zone, agreed by both countries in 1967, will be lifted shortly, allowing Canada to award contracts to oil companies. The tw o islands were ceded to France in 1773 by Canada as a haven for French fishe rmen. The Financial Times London Page 6 < /DOC> ============= Transaction # 72 ============================================== Transaction #: 72 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 11 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT934-10991 _AN-DKCDEABRFT 931 103 FT 03 NOV 93 / World Trade News: Yaohan expands in C hina By EMIKO TERAZONO and JOHN GRIFFITHS TOKYO YAOHAN, a Japanese retailing group, p lans to set up a big computerised distribution centre in Beijing with the Ch inese government, to be completed in 1995. Mr Kazuo Wada, Yaohan's chairman, who moved the group's headquarters to Hong Kong in 1990, said the plan was part of his strategy of establishing production, distribution and retail net works throughout China. Yaohan, which has 432 stores worldwide, became the f irst foreign retailer to set up shop in China, opening department stores in Shenzhen and Beijing in 1991. It is also building a shopping centre with flo or space of 108,000 sq m in Pudong, the special economic zone near Shanghai, to completed in 1995. 'China lacks proper wholesaling and distributing syst ems. It takes two to three months to replace a product after it has been sol d,' said Mr Wada. He plans to set up distribution centres in 10 provinces, a nd wants to open 1,000 supermarkets in China by the year 2010. Mr Wada recko ns that the true purchasing ability of Chinese living in large cities is not reflected in the official statistics. Although the national average annual income is considered to be about Dollars 350 (Pounds 232) per person, 'In Sh anghai it's about Dollars 2,000 and in Shenzhen about Dollars 3,000,' he sai d. Rockwell International, the US automotive-to-aerospace multinational, is setting up a joint venture in China to develop and make a range of car body components for the fast-expanding Chinese vehicle industry, John Griffiths w rites. The venture, in which Rockwell will have a majority stake, is with Zh enjiang General Equipment Factory, based about 200 miles from Shanghai. It w ill operate under the name of Rockwell Chassis and Body System Zhenjiang Com pany. Under the terms of the agreement, Rockwell will supply technology, pro cessing equipment, systems and management expertise - as well as an undisclo sed amount of investment capital - for the production of window regulators, door latches, handbrakes and similar products. Rockwell has been active in C hina since the 1970s. 'The venture reflects Rockwell's overall strategy for investment in China, where there is a huge potential for passenger car growt h,' according to Mr Donald Beall, its chairman and chief executive. Rockwell already exports to China heavy-duty axles and brakes and components for off -highway construction equipment, avionics, telecommunications and automation equipment and printing presses. Several of its existing motor industry cust omers, including Peugeot of France, are either starting up of expanding car production in China. Companies:- Yaohan Japan Corp. Canon Inc. Countries:- CNZ China, Asia. Industries:- P5311 Department Stores. P5199 Nondurable Goods, NEC. P3861 Photographic Equipment and Supplies. Types:- RES Facilities. RES Capital expenditures. The Financia l Times London Page 8 ============= Transaction # 73 ============================================== Transaction #: 73 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:32:32 Selec. Rec. #: 12 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT921-2804 _AN-CCRBLAAVFT 9203 18 FT 18 MAR 92 / World Trade News: Beijing opens way fo r development of new Hong Kong By SIMON DAVIES HONG KONG BEIJING has given the go-ahe ad for a Hong Kong-led consortium to develop a special free port zone on Hai nan Island, off the south China coast, to create a 'second Hong Kong'. Devel opment costs over 15 years are estimated at Dollars HK18bn (Pounds 1.3bn). T he news is further affirmation of China's commitment to rapid economic refor m. Although the new Yangpu Development Zone will remain under China's sovere ignty, the land use will be controlled by the group of overseas investors un der a 70-year lease. Kumagai Gumi (Hong Kong), the Hong Kong-listed subsidia ry of the Japanese construction giant, will combine with a group of investor s to provide a basic infrastructure for the Yangpu Zone, building a power st ation, roads and sewage works. The group will then sell land for development by local or foreign investors. The zone will be segregated from the rest of Hainan by a customs frontier, and aim to concentrate on developing export-o riented industries, making use of a deep-sea port. Enterprises in the zone w ill receive tax benefits above those current in the existing Special Economi c Zones, including Hainan Island itself. No external policy will be laid dow n on the level of recruitment or wages in the zone. Development will be in t hree phases, phase one requiring investment of Dollars HK2.5bn and providing services for a 75,000 population. But Kumagai aims for a population of 250, 000 and employment for a further 150,000 temporary residents, at the end of 15 years. Kumagai has paid a Dollars HK40m deposit for the land and will pay out a total of Dollars HK140m for the site. Kumagai has been negotiating to set up the Zone for more than four years. The final line-up of the Yangpu c onsortium has yet to be finalised, but analysts believe Kumagai will be the main shareholder, with possible support from its parent company. The Financial Times London Page 6 ============= Transaction # 74 ============================================== Transaction #: 74 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:33:28 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 2 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(title {human} and title {smuggling})" ============= Transaction # 75 ============================================== Transaction #: 75 Transaction Code: 37 (General (non-Tcl) Error) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:33:29 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: {ERR {Status 1} {Hits 0} {Received 0} {Set Default}} {No matching records fo und} ============= Transaction # 76 ============================================== Transaction #: 76 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:33:48 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 2 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(title {human smuggling})" ============= Transaction # 77 ============================================== Transaction #: 77 Transaction Code: 37 (General (non-Tcl) Error) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:33:50 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: {ERR {Status 1} {Hits 0} {Received 0} {Set Default}} {No matching records fo und} ============= Transaction # 78 ============================================== Transaction #: 78 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:34:02 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 2 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {human smuggling})" ============= Transaction # 79 ============================================== Transaction #: 79 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:34:05 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 5986 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 80 ============================================== Transaction #: 80 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:34:08 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 81 ============================================== Transaction #: 81 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:35:08 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 82 ============================================== Transaction #: 82 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:35:32 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-5376 _AN-DFDB5AAZFT 9306 04 FT 04 JUN 93 / China to act on illegal emigrants By AP THE US Coast Guard intercepted tw o boats trying to smuggle 270 Chinese into California yesterday, coinciding with a Chinese government statement that it had stepped up efforts to halt i llegal emigration, AP reports. 'The public security departments have stepped up efforts to track down the criminal groups organising human smuggling and patrols at sea,' a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman said. Since January a uthorities on both sides of the Pacific have intercepted boats carrying abou t 2,500 Chinese, each of whom had paid or promised smugglers Dollars 20,000- Dollars 30,000 (Pounds 13,000-Pounds 19,500) to get them into the US illegal ly. Many others are entering overland from Mexico or arriving at airports wi th false documents. Countries:- USZ United States of America. CNZ China, Asia. Industries:- P9721 Inte rnational Affairs. Types:- NEWS General News.

The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 83 ============================================== Transaction #: 83 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:37:22 Selec. Rec. #: 7 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT931-9196 _AN-DBPBVAAXFT 9302 16 FT 16 FEB 93 / Germans call for aid in curbing illega l migrants By NICHOLAS DENTON BUDAPEST INTERIOR ministers from east and west Europe g athering in Budapest yesterday for a conference on migration were immediatel y pressed by Germany to help curb the influx of illegal immigrants. Germany is urging east European countries to take back nationals resident elsewhere without permission, and speed migrants' return to their country of origin. A lso high on the agenda is a proposal to co-ordinate action on international 'human smuggling' groups. The Germans want 'non-front-line' western countrie s to share the burden of financial aid towards strengthening eastern Europe' s immigration controls. The conference coincides with German efforts to tigh ten the country's liberal asylum rules. Germany's proposed constitutional am endment would allow authorities to turn back claimants for refugee status if they arrive from 'safe' neighbouring east European countries. Poland and th e Czech Republic are determined not to become a cordon sanitaire for seekers of asylum in Germany. Bonn's efforts have an added urgency because of conti nuing racist attacks against foreigners. But EC countries less affected by i mmigration from eastern Europe are grudging in their solidarity. UK official s said yesterday that, while backing recommendations on exchange of informat ion, they did not wish to see new measures, describing as unrealistic ideas about financial aid. Countries:- XJZ West Europe. XLZ East Europe. Industries:- P9721 International Af fairs. Types:- GOVT Government News. The Fi nancial Times London Page 3 ============= Transaction # 84 ============================================== Transaction #: 84 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:37:24 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-5376 _AN-DFDB5AAZFT 9306 04 FT 04 JUN 93 / China to act on illegal emigrants By AP THE US Coast Guard intercepted tw o boats trying to smuggle 270 Chinese into California yesterday, coinciding with a Chinese government statement that it had stepped up efforts to halt i llegal emigration, AP reports. 'The public security departments have stepped up efforts to track down the criminal groups organising human smuggling and patrols at sea,' a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman said. Since January a uthorities on both sides of the Pacific have intercepted boats carrying abou t 2,500 Chinese, each of whom had paid or promised smugglers Dollars 20,000- Dollars 30,000 (Pounds 13,000-Pounds 19,500) to get them into the US illegal ly. Many others are entering overland from Mexico or arriving at airports wi th false documents. Countries:- USZ United States of America. CNZ China, Asia. Industries:- P9721 Inte rnational Affairs. Types:- NEWS General News.

The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 85 ============================================== Transaction #: 85 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:37:24 Selec. Rec. #: 7 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT931-9196 _AN-DBPBVAAXFT 9302 16 FT 16 FEB 93 / Germans call for aid in curbing illega l migrants By NICHOLAS DENTON BUDAPEST INTERIOR ministers from east and west Europe g athering in Budapest yesterday for a conference on migration were immediatel y pressed by Germany to help curb the influx of illegal immigrants. Germany is urging east European countries to take back nationals resident elsewhere without permission, and speed migrants' return to their country of origin. A lso high on the agenda is a proposal to co-ordinate action on international 'human smuggling' groups. The Germans want 'non-front-line' western countrie s to share the burden of financial aid towards strengthening eastern Europe' s immigration controls. The conference coincides with German efforts to tigh ten the country's liberal asylum rules. Germany's proposed constitutional am endment would allow authorities to turn back claimants for refugee status if they arrive from 'safe' neighbouring east European countries. Poland and th e Czech Republic are determined not to become a cordon sanitaire for seekers of asylum in Germany. Bonn's efforts have an added urgency because of conti nuing racist attacks against foreigners. But EC countries less affected by i mmigration from eastern Europe are grudging in their solidarity. UK official s said yesterday that, while backing recommendations on exchange of informat ion, they did not wish to see new measures, describing as unrealistic ideas about financial aid. Countries:- XJZ West Europe. XLZ East Europe. Industries:- P9721 International Af fairs. Types:- GOVT Government News. The Fi nancial Times London Page 3 ============= Transaction # 86 ============================================== Transaction #: 86 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:38:50 Selec. Rec. #: 11 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT943-10863 _AN-EHCDQAA4FT 940 803 FT 03 AUG 94 / Reality threatens to overcome China-T aiwan rivalry / Preview of talks between Beijing and Taipei that may for the first time address the issue of direct sea and air links By LAURA TYSON Village chief Huang, who has spent mos t of his 64 years fishing out of Nanliao, a small port on the north-west coa st of Taiwan, is angry. Since the government cracked down on a brisk trade i n smuggling goods between the island and China a few years ago, local fisher men are having a tough time making ends meet. 'The government should just le galise direct shipping with China and make those smugglers pay tax, like the y do on the mainland side,' complains Mr Huang. 'That's a much better way to manage things. Instead, they send the fishermen to jail, burn their boats a nd the police confiscate the goods for themselves. This is totally unreasona ble. Besides, it isn't really smuggling anyway; it's domestic trade.' Even a s Mr Huang was speaking, officials from rival governments in Taipei and Beij ing were preparing to hold high-level talks in which, Taiwanese newspapers h ave suggested, Taipei may for the first time address the issue of resuming d irect sea and air links to China. Taiwan's Nationalist government has banned the san tung or 'three directs' - transportation, trade and post - with Chi na since 1949, when General Chiang Kai-shek fled to the island after losing a civil war to Mao Zedong's communist forces. Fast-growing cross-strait trad e is mostly funneled through Hong Kong. But smuggling and illegal fishing in the Taiwan Strait surged once the government lifted martial law and began t o relax coastal defence operations in 1987. Positioned at the narrowest poin t along the strait, Nanliao became a smuggling hub. To traverse the 70-odd n autical miles to Pingtan on the coast of China's Fujian province takes 10 ho urs by fishing boat, three to four hours by cruiser, or less than two hours by speedboat. Lured by high returns, local fishermen plied the waters in woo den boats laden with contraband ranging from liquor, cigarettes and medicine s, to narcotics from betel to heroin and human cargo which has found its way to shores as far-flung as New York. Judging by the number of Mercedes-Benze s and BMWs on the sleepy byways of Nanliao, some locals profited handsomely before Taiwan's maritime police swooped on Nanliao. Cross-strait smuggling h as simply been diverted elsewhere, mainly along Taiwan's northern coast. An estimated 200 fishing boats make the crossing each day. Smuggled Chinese pro ducts can be found in markets and 30,000 mainlanders are illegally living on the island. From tomorrow, Taiwan's chief China negotiator, Mr Chiao Jen-ho , will begin four days of talks with his counterpart from Beijing, Mr Tang S hubei. Little progress has been made in five previous quasi-official cross-s trait discussions since ground-breaking meetings in April 1993. But the stal emate in political relations belies resurgent economic ties, driven by cultu ral and family connections as well as the search by Taiwan businessmen for c heap labour, land, raw materials and markets. Taiwanese investment in China is estimated at more than Dollars 15bn (Pounds 9.6bn). Taiwan officials pred ict that Hong Kong, the main conduit, will soon supplant the US as the islan d's biggest export market. In the first half of this year, shipments to the US accounted for 25.9 per cent of total exports, down 1.8 per cent from a ye ar earlier. Exports to the British colony jumped 11.2 per cent to account fo r 22.9 per cent of outbound shipments. Most shipments headed for Hong Kong a re destined for China. A leading Chinese businessman visited the island last week under the guise of promoting cross-strait golfing exchanges. Mr Wang J un, president of the China International Trust and Investment Corp (Citic), China's leading international business conglomerate, met with senior figures in politics and business. Mr Wang's low-profile tour of the island included a trip to Taichung harbour, which is preparing for the advent of cross-stra it shipping. It is perhaps no coincidence that Citic and Bechtel Enterprises , the finance and development arm of the engineering group, last week jointl y announced a port development plan at Daxie Island, about 100 miles south o f Shanghai. So far, Taipei has refused to discuss direct links on the ground s that Beijing must first recognise Taiwan as a sovereign government. China continues to regard Taiwan as a renegade province. But as economic ties betw een the two sides grow, so too does pressure from Taiwan's business communit y, making it increasingly difficult for Taipei to stave off the inevitable. The ministry of transportation and communications promised early last month to produce a report by mid-1995 outlining technical aspects of direct sea an d air links with China. This is probably little more than a stalling techniq ue, as the ministry has already been studying the matter for years. But the government knows it must come to grips with the issue before June 30 1997, w hen Hong Kong reverts to Chinese sovereignty, for then there can be no more pretence of keeping China at arm's length. Countries:- CNZ China, Asia. TWZ Taiwan, Asia. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- CMMT Comment & A nalysis. The Financial Times London Page 3 ============= Transaction # 87 ============================================== Transaction #: 87 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:39:08 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 5986 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 88 ============================================== Transaction #: 88 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:39:14 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 89 ============================================== Transaction #: 89 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:39:33 Selec. Rec. #: 11 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT943-10863 _AN-EHCDQAA4FT 940 803 FT 03 AUG 94 / Reality threatens to overcome China-T aiwan rivalry / Preview of talks between Beijing and Taipei that may for the first time address the issue of direct sea and air links By LAURA TYSON Village chief Huang, who has spent mos t of his 64 years fishing out of Nanliao, a small port on the north-west coa st of Taiwan, is angry. Since the government cracked down on a brisk trade i n smuggling goods between the island and China a few years ago, local fisher men are having a tough time making ends meet. 'The government should just le galise direct shipping with China and make those smugglers pay tax, like the y do on the mainland side,' complains Mr Huang. 'That's a much better way to manage things. Instead, they send the fishermen to jail, burn their boats a nd the police confiscate the goods for themselves. This is totally unreasona ble. Besides, it isn't really smuggling anyway; it's domestic trade.' Even a s Mr Huang was speaking, officials from rival governments in Taipei and Beij ing were preparing to hold high-level talks in which, Taiwanese newspapers h ave suggested, Taipei may for the first time address the issue of resuming d irect sea and air links to China. Taiwan's Nationalist government has banned the san tung or 'three directs' - transportation, trade and post - with Chi na since 1949, when General Chiang Kai-shek fled to the island after losing a civil war to Mao Zedong's communist forces. Fast-growing cross-strait trad e is mostly funneled through Hong Kong. But smuggling and illegal fishing in the Taiwan Strait surged once the government lifted martial law and began t o relax coastal defence operations in 1987. Positioned at the narrowest poin t along the strait, Nanliao became a smuggling hub. To traverse the 70-odd n autical miles to Pingtan on the coast of China's Fujian province takes 10 ho urs by fishing boat, three to four hours by cruiser, or less than two hours by speedboat. Lured by high returns, local fishermen plied the waters in woo den boats laden with contraband ranging from liquor, cigarettes and medicine s, to narcotics from betel to heroin and human cargo which has found its way to shores as far-flung as New York. Judging by the number of Mercedes-Benze s and BMWs on the sleepy byways of Nanliao, some locals profited handsomely before Taiwan's maritime police swooped on Nanliao. Cross-strait smuggling h as simply been diverted elsewhere, mainly along Taiwan's northern coast. An estimated 200 fishing boats make the crossing each day. Smuggled Chinese pro ducts can be found in markets and 30,000 mainlanders are illegally living on the island. From tomorrow, Taiwan's chief China negotiator, Mr Chiao Jen-ho , will begin four days of talks with his counterpart from Beijing, Mr Tang S hubei. Little progress has been made in five previous quasi-official cross-s trait discussions since ground-breaking meetings in April 1993. But the stal emate in political relations belies resurgent economic ties, driven by cultu ral and family connections as well as the search by Taiwan businessmen for c heap labour, land, raw materials and markets. Taiwanese investment in China is estimated at more than Dollars 15bn (Pounds 9.6bn). Taiwan officials pred ict that Hong Kong, the main conduit, will soon supplant the US as the islan d's biggest export market. In the first half of this year, shipments to the US accounted for 25.9 per cent of total exports, down 1.8 per cent from a ye ar earlier. Exports to the British colony jumped 11.2 per cent to account fo r 22.9 per cent of outbound shipments. Most shipments headed for Hong Kong a re destined for China. A leading Chinese businessman visited the island last week under the guise of promoting cross-strait golfing exchanges. Mr Wang J un, president of the China International Trust and Investment Corp (Citic), China's leading international business conglomerate, met with senior figures in politics and business. Mr Wang's low-profile tour of the island included a trip to Taichung harbour, which is preparing for the advent of cross-stra it shipping. It is perhaps no coincidence that Citic and Bechtel Enterprises , the finance and development arm of the engineering group, last week jointl y announced a port development plan at Daxie Island, about 100 miles south o f Shanghai. So far, Taipei has refused to discuss direct links on the ground s that Beijing must first recognise Taiwan as a sovereign government. China continues to regard Taiwan as a renegade province. But as economic ties betw een the two sides grow, so too does pressure from Taiwan's business communit y, making it increasingly difficult for Taipei to stave off the inevitable. The ministry of transportation and communications promised early last month to produce a report by mid-1995 outlining technical aspects of direct sea an d air links with China. This is probably little more than a stalling techniq ue, as the ministry has already been studying the matter for years. But the government knows it must come to grips with the issue before June 30 1997, w hen Hong Kong reverts to Chinese sovereignty, for then there can be no more pretence of keeping China at arm's length. Countries:- CNZ China, Asia. TWZ Taiwan, Asia. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- CMMT Comment & A nalysis. The Financial Times London Page 3 ============= Transaction # 90 ============================================== Transaction #: 90 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:39:39 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. 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Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 55664 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 92 ============================================== Transaction #: 92 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:40:06 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 2 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {human smuggling})" ============= Transaction # 93 ============================================== Transaction #: 93 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:40:07 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 5986 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 94 ============================================== Transaction #: 94 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:40:22 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 5986 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 95 ============================================== Transaction #: 95 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:40:43 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 96 ============================================== Transaction #: 96 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:41:41 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-5376 _AN-DFDB5AAZFT 9306 04 FT 04 JUN 93 / China to act on illegal emigrants By AP THE US Coast Guard intercepted tw o boats trying to smuggle 270 Chinese into California yesterday, coinciding with a Chinese government statement that it had stepped up efforts to halt i llegal emigration, AP reports. 'The public security departments have stepped up efforts to track down the criminal groups organising human smuggling and patrols at sea,' a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman said. Since January a uthorities on both sides of the Pacific have intercepted boats carrying abou t 2,500 Chinese, each of whom had paid or promised smugglers Dollars 20,000- Dollars 30,000 (Pounds 13,000-Pounds 19,500) to get them into the US illegal ly. Many others are entering overland from Mexico or arriving at airports wi th false documents. Countries:- USZ United States of America. CNZ China, Asia. Industries:- P9721 Inte rnational Affairs. Types:- NEWS General News.

The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 97 ============================================== Transaction #: 97 Transaction Code: 38 (Record Deselected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:41:44 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-5376 _AN-DFDB5AAZFT 9306 04 FT 04 JUN 93 / China to act on illegal emigrants By AP THE US Coast Guard intercepted tw o boats trying to smuggle 270 Chinese into California yesterday, coinciding with a Chinese government statement that it had stepped up efforts to halt i llegal emigration, AP reports. 'The public security departments have stepped up efforts to track down the criminal groups organising human smuggling and patrols at sea,' a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman said. Since January a uthorities on both sides of the Pacific have intercepted boats carrying abou t 2,500 Chinese, each of whom had paid or promised smugglers Dollars 20,000- Dollars 30,000 (Pounds 13,000-Pounds 19,500) to get them into the US illegal ly. Many others are entering overland from Mexico or arriving at airports wi th false documents. Countries:- USZ United States of America. CNZ China, Asia. Industries:- P9721 Inte rnational Affairs. Types:- NEWS General News.

The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 98 ============================================== Transaction #: 98 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:13 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-5376 _AN-DFDB5AAZFT 9306 04 FT 04 JUN 93 / China to act on illegal emigrants By AP THE US Coast Guard intercepted tw o boats trying to smuggle 270 Chinese into California yesterday, coinciding with a Chinese government statement that it had stepped up efforts to halt i llegal emigration, AP reports. 'The public security departments have stepped up efforts to track down the criminal groups organising human smuggling and patrols at sea,' a Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman said. Since January a uthorities on both sides of the Pacific have intercepted boats carrying abou t 2,500 Chinese, each of whom had paid or promised smugglers Dollars 20,000- Dollars 30,000 (Pounds 13,000-Pounds 19,500) to get them into the US illegal ly. Many others are entering overland from Mexico or arriving at airports wi th false documents. Countries:- USZ United States of America. CNZ China, Asia. Industries:- P9721 Inte rnational Affairs. Types:- NEWS General News.

The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 99 ============================================== Transaction #: 99 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:13 Selec. Rec. #: 2 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-1432 _AN-DFXCNAHRFT 9306 23 FT 23 JUN 93 / Threat to aid may complete Sierra Leon e's misery By THEODORE LIASI SIERRA LEONE, though rich in diamonds and other minerals, is ranked second last by the United Nations in its latest human development index, with a worse qual ity of life for its citizens than anywhere in the world except neighbouring Guinea. Endemic diamond smuggling, four military coups, a festering civil wa r and a withdrawal of some western aid following human rights abuses have le ft the populace dependent in large measure on non-governmental aid agencies. Even this may be in jeopardy. The finance ministry has threatened to introd uce a levy on all imports, including relief aid. The Red Cross has warned th at it would be forced to withdraw from the country if aid was not exempted. As the number of refugees fleeing fighting in the eastern and southern distr icts increases - it is put at 1m - huge camps have appeared, each housing up to 20,000 people in makeshift huts and disused buildings across the country . With the onset of the rainy season aid agencies fear the temporary housing - usually constructed out of grass reeds - will be washed away. As Mr Josep h Quam, eastern co-ordinator for Unicef, which plays an integral role in the distribution of food, medicine and clothing, explains, the relief programme should be making way for the next phase of rehabilitation. 'We keep pushing back the relief phase. We thought that by now we would have finished with r elief and moved to rehabilitation, of which there is a lot to be done.' Cons equently, the relief programme will have to continue at least until the end of this year, and the relief agencies are concerned that they will not be ab le to guarantee resources for the duration. Sierra Leone, a former British c olony of 4.7m in a country the size of Scotland, has entered its second year under a new government following the overthrow of President Joseph Momoh in a bloodless military coup in April 1992. The National Provisional Ruling Co uncil, led by 27-year-old Captain Valentine Strasser - known as 'the Redeeme r' - on seizing power vowed to eradicate corruption and nepotism. But there is still little to cheer about. Smuggling of diamonds remains commonplace, a nd recent incursions by rebel forces into mining areas have also interrupted operations. Last Christmas saw the summary executions of 26 alleged rebels. This resulted in Britain suspending economic aid. The EC has also been revi ewing its position. The government says human rights abuses under the old re gime were ignored by the west. Countries:- SLZ Sierr a Leone, Africa. Industries:- P9721 International Affai rs. Types:- NEWS General News. The Financia l Times International Page 7 ============= Transaction # 100 ============================================== Transaction #: 100 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:13 Selec. Rec. #: 3 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-4965 _AN-DFGB7AA4FT 9306 07 FT 07 JUN 93 / US fears flood of China's new slaves: California's latest immigration problem By LOUISE KE HOE and TONY WALKER IMMIGRATION officials in California fea r that thousands of illegal Chinese emigrants may be on board ships headed f or the west coast of the US, following the apprehension of about 500 Chinese landing along the coast over the past two weeks. Two trawlers, each carryin g a human cargo of about 150 Chinese immigrants packed into the holds, were seized earlier this week as they landed at fishing harbours near Monterey an d San Francisco. The coastal vessels are believed to have picked up their pa ssengers five days earlier from off-shore 'mother ships' which crossed the P acific. Last month, in an even more brazen attempt to smuggle people into th e US, the Pai Sheng, a Chinese freighter, sailed under the Golden Gate Bridg e right into San Francisco Bay to drop off about 270 passengers at a disused city pier. Most were detained after a chase by police and immigration agent s through city parks and streets. These incidents are further evidence of wh at US authorities say is a large-scale smuggling operation with suspected li nks to Asian organised crime rings in the US and Hong Kong. The immigrants, most of them men in their 20s, pay fees of between Dollars 20,000 (Pounds 13 ,000) and Dollars 40,000 for their passage to the US, according to investiga tors. They scrape together about Dollars 1,000, typically borrowed from rela tives, to board the ships, and are then indebted for the balance of their 'f are'. Most of the illegal immigrants set off from the coastal Chinese provin ces of Fujian and Guangdong. Many, however, come from China's hinterland whe re people feel they are being left behind by the economic boom in more prosp erous areas of the country. A widening economic gap between country and city is contributing to the desperation of many young Chinese. Although they com e to the US seeking jobs and economic prosperity, the immigrants instead bec ome slaves to their smugglers and many resort to crime to pay off their debt s, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. 'They are selling their souls. What are these people going to do to pay off the smugglers? ' asks R ichard Held, a FBI Special Agent in San Francisco. 'Does that mean moving he roin or cocaine? That is a distinct possibility.' The recent influx has rais ed suspicions in the US of complicity by the Chinese government in the human trafficking. But in Beijing officials deny 'turning a blind eye' to illegal emigration. 'The Chinese government has all along been opposed to illegal e migration and has adopted a series of measures to stop it,' said Mr Wu Jianm in, the Chinese foreign ministry spokesman. Mr Wu insisted that Chinese secu rity organisations had 'intensified their efforts' to stop illegal organisat ions trafficking in immigrants. However, some of the immigrants landing in S an Francisco this week spoke of paying additional fees to bribe Chinese gove rnment officials to let them leave the country, according to US investigator s. With millions of dollars being extorted from the passengers of the Chines e smuggling ships, it seems unlikely that the practice will end soon. So far this year, the US Coast Guard has detained over 1,600 illegal Chinese immig rants, more than twice the number in 1992. The rising numbers could, however , reflect a change of route, rather than a growing volume of illegal immigra nts. US investigators speculate that the smugglers are now cutting out 'midd le men' in other countries and attempting to maximise their profits by landi ng their passengers directly on US shores. Chinese officials charge that the willingness of some countries (including the US) to grant 'political asylum ' to Chinese emigrants is encouraging human smuggling. Indeed, US immigratio n lawyers representing some of the passengers of the Pai Sheng say that they will seek asylum and note that the judicial process may take as long as 10 years, giving their clients time to seek legal US residency. Co untries:- USZ United States of America. Industries:- < /XX> P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS Gen eral News. The Financial Times London Page 5 ============= Transaction # 101 ============================================== Transaction #: 101 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:13 Selec. Rec. #: 4 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT911-189 _AN-BENBQABHFT 91051 4 FT 14 MAY 91 / Letter: The enterprise culture in Parag uay From Mr ANTONIO ESPINOZA Sir, I t is so seldom that Paraguay gets press coverage in Britain, that it is disa ppointing that your correspondent Christina Lamb gives your readers a rather distorted view of my country in her article, 'Paraguay finds old habits die hard', (May 9). Street vendors do hawk French perfumes and Japanese electro nics, but should one presume they are contraband? Smuggling had been endemic during the Stroessner regime, and one of the first measures of the new gove rnment of president Rodriguez was to cut the tariffs on these and most other consumer luxuries to 7 per cent - removing the incentive to smuggle, and pr actically ending the illegal import of these goods. The high tariff barriers of our neighbours do, naturally, make shopping in Paraguay very attractive, generating an important regional tourist trade. This has helped to sustain our growth rate in spite of the major adjustments that have had to be made a s state subsidies and other forms of government intervention are removed fro m the economy. In fact, the World Bank estimates our gross domestic product growth for 1990 at 5.1 per cent, not the zero growth stated in your article. Of course the after-effects of 35 years of autocratic rule cannot be wished away, and the struggle to perfect our democratic institutions, our human ri ghts record and the liberal-isation of the economy continues. Gigantic strid es in this direction have already been made, and we shall persist. My govern ment remains as committed as ever to supporting the creative forces of free enterprise in a truly democratic environment. Antonio Espinoza, ambassador, Embassy of Paraguay, Braemar Lodge, Cornwall Gardens, SW7 The F inancial Times London Page 19 ============= Transaction # 102 ============================================== Transaction #: 102 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:13 Selec. Rec. #: 5 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT944-5954 _AN-ELAD8AC3FT 9412 01 FT 01 DEC 94 / The Budget: Reforms of Customs work an nounced By JIM KELLY, Accountancy Correspondent Reforms to the way Customs and Excise carries out its work were announced yesterday after a root-and-branch review which will result in 4,0 00 job losses over the next five years. Job cuts in the department, which is under pressure to cut costs and meet the public spending targets set out in this week's Budget, will include 550 anti-smuggling officers and 2,000 valu e added tax officials. The staffing reductions were criticised bitterly by t rade union leaders yesterday who said they were designed to pay for future t ax cuts, would damage the fight against drugs and allow significant VAT evas ion. But Mrs Valerie Strachan, chairman of Customs and Excise, denied that t he changes had been prompted by the need to cut costs: 'We have been moving in this direction for some years. We have been analysing the risks and focus ing on areas where risk is greater.' She added: 'By the year 2000, we expect our numbers to be just under 21,000 compared with the current figure of jus t over 25,000.' Changes announced in the Budget on the collection of VAT - t he registration threshold is to be raised to Pounds 46,000 - will limit visi ts to companies and reduce the burden on officials, said Mrs Strachan. She e nvisaged more 'desk audits' at local VAT offices of traders' books rather th an visits to the workplace. The development of the single European market ha d also altered the way the department worked - shifting the workload away fr om ports and airports. However, Mrs Strachan promised: 'There are not going to be any Customs-free ports or airports.' In future there would be more con centration on catching high-value complex smuggling and trafficking. A furth er measure which will help cut costs is closer liaison with the Inland Reven ue. They are to share the same adjudicator, helplines, advice centres, and p ossibly training programmes. Mr John Sheldon, general secretary of the NUCPS civil service union, said: 'Cuts in the front-line fighters against drug sm uggling will be paid for by all of us in the human and cash costs of drug ad diction and drug-related crime on the streets. It is a dangerous and irrespo nsible decision.' Mr Mike King, the NUCPS national officer for Customs, said : 'These cuts have nothing to do with efficiency or effectiveness and everyt hing to do with finding the cash for future tax cuts to save the government at the next election.' Countries:- GBZ United Kingdo m, EC. Industries:- P9311 Finance, Taxation, and Moneta ry Policy. Types:- PEOP Labour. The Financi al Times London Page 13 ============= Transaction # 103 ============================================== Transaction #: 103 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:13 Selec. Rec. #: 6 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT943-11241 _AN-EHAC8AA2FT 940 801 FT 01 AUG 94 / International Press Review: Asean min isters face wrath of Thai journalists By VICTOR MALL ET Thailand's liberal newspapers have excelled themselves i n their efforts to embarrass the now not-so-liberal Thai government, which w as host to the annual meeting of the Association of South-East Asian Nations (Asean) in Bangkok over the past two weeks. Visiting foreign ministers from Indonesia and Burma were greeted with hundreds of column-inches about Indon esian brutality in East Timor, Burmese military cruelty and editorials scoff ing at the notion, put about by authoritarian Asian governments, that human rights and democracy are inappropriate for Asia. Thai commentators were insp ired by two events: Thailand invited Mr Ohn Gyaw, foreign minister of the Bu rmese junta, to the Asean meeting, an honour which some editorial writers fe lt was scarcely deserved; and the Thai authorities made hamfisted attempts t o stop an insignificant human rights conference, deporting three foreigners and harassing the participants because they wanted to discuss Burma and East Timor. Thailand, said The Nation in an editorial, was foolishly giving in t o the 'bully-boy tactics' of Indonesia in the name of Asean solidarity. 'It is high time that the regional grouping reviewed its concept of 'solidarity' ,' said The Nation. 'The events of the past three months clearly show that I ndonesia is using Asean as its platform to impose authoritarian values over members which have different political systems.' During the May 1992 crisis, in which Thai troops killed 50 demonstrators on the streets of Bangkok, The Nation, an English-language newspaper, openly opposed the Thai armed forces and supported pro-democracy activists. Its support helped bring the present democratic government of Mr Chuan Leekpai to power, and the paper believes it has the right to express disappointment at his performance. Mr Chuan, the newspaper said in another editorial, now seemed to think it more important for Thailand to have good relations with Indonesia than to care about human rights. On the subject of bullying, Mr Ali Alatas, the Indonesian foreign mi nister, in an interview with the Bangkok Post, the other leading English-lan guage daily, said Indonesia was not a bully - it had simply informed Thailan d about the plans of some East Timor activists and had explained how offende d Indonesia would be if nothing was done to stop them. While English-languag e newspapers in Thailand represent the views of liberal academics and busine ssmen - half the readers are Thais - and take a close interest in internatio nal affairs, the Thai-language press tends to be more concerned by the shena nigans of Thai politicians and local crime stories. Over the last two weeks the Thai papers have concentrated on the fate of two politicians: one accuse d of international drug smuggling; the other, suspected of buying votes by g iving cash to Buddhist temples. A Bangkok Post survey of ordinary people on the streets of the capital suggested that the Thai papers were right to thin k their readers would not be interested in the dry affairs of Asean. 'Asean? Is it a sports event? It sounds familiar,' said Mr Sermsuk In-jan, a 50-yea r-old shop assistant. But the dispute over human rights prompted by the Asea n meeting did generate heated debate in the Thai papers. Siam Rath (Siam Nat ion) and Naew Na (Frontline) both supported the Thai government's crackdown on dissidents. Thailand should not allow outsiders to use the country as a v enue for criticising neighbouring states, because the national interest shou ld have top priority, Siam Rath said in an editorial. Liberal commentators r ejected this sort of nationalism, declaring that national pride meant standi ng up for what you believe in rather than allowing your policies to be dicta ted by the sensitivities of other governments. Countries:- THZ Thailand, Asia. Industries:- P2711 Newspaper s. Types:- TECH Safety & Standards. The Fin ancial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 104 ============================================== Transaction #: 104 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:13 Selec. Rec. #: 7 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT931-9196 _AN-DBPBVAAXFT 9302 16 FT 16 FEB 93 / Germans call for aid in curbing illega l migrants By NICHOLAS DENTON BUDAPEST INTERIOR ministers from east and west Europe g athering in Budapest yesterday for a conference on migration were immediatel y pressed by Germany to help curb the influx of illegal immigrants. Germany is urging east European countries to take back nationals resident elsewhere without permission, and speed migrants' return to their country of origin. A lso high on the agenda is a proposal to co-ordinate action on international 'human smuggling' groups. The Germans want 'non-front-line' western countrie s to share the burden of financial aid towards strengthening eastern Europe' s immigration controls. The conference coincides with German efforts to tigh ten the country's liberal asylum rules. Germany's proposed constitutional am endment would allow authorities to turn back claimants for refugee status if they arrive from 'safe' neighbouring east European countries. Poland and th e Czech Republic are determined not to become a cordon sanitaire for seekers of asylum in Germany. Bonn's efforts have an added urgency because of conti nuing racist attacks against foreigners. But EC countries less affected by i mmigration from eastern Europe are grudging in their solidarity. UK official s said yesterday that, while backing recommendations on exchange of informat ion, they did not wish to see new measures, describing as unrealistic ideas about financial aid. Countries:- XJZ West Europe. XLZ East Europe. Industries:- P9721 International Af fairs. Types:- GOVT Government News. The Fi nancial Times London Page 3 ============= Transaction # 105 ============================================== Transaction #: 105 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:13 Selec. Rec. #: 8 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT941-13151 _AN-EA0DIABKFT 940 127 FT 27 JAN 94 / Smugglers force Canada to cut cigaret te taxes By BERNARD SIMON TO RONTO Canada's federal and Quebec governments have bowed to the commercial and political costs of rampant cigarette smuggling across the US-Canada border and look set to reverse a tradition of ever-higher taxa tion on tobacco products. Both Quebec and Ottawa have promised to cut and pe rhaps even abolish the high federal and provincial taxes which are widely bl amed for the surge in cigarette smuggling. The problem is most acute in Queb ec, where the Canadian Tobacco Manufacturers Council estimates that about tw o-thirds of all cigarette sales are contraband. A group of Quebec convenienc e store owners, whose business has been ravaged by smuggling, earlier this w eek flouted the law by setting up an illegal market north of Montreal, where they sold cigarettes at the smuggled price of CDollars 20 (Pounds 10.20) a carton, compared with the fully-taxed retail price of CDollars 40-CDollars 4 6. Governments have become increasingly concerned at the social and politica l ramifications of smuggling. Much of the trade, which is centred on the St Lawrence River and Indian reserves which straddle the US-Canada border, has fallen into the hands of organised crime. Some Indian communities have begun to manufacture their own cigarettes, and contraband products are starting t o find their way on to retailers' shelves in counterfeit packaging. The read y availability of cheap, smuggled cigarettes is also believed to have booste d consumption. Contraband packs carry less prominent health warnings. Ottawa and the provinces have so far failed to agree on a co-ordinated tax cut. On tario, which collects CDollars 800m a year from tobacco taxes and is struggl ing to contain a yawning budget deficit, is reluctant to forfeit a sizeable source of revenue. But the smuggling issue has gained a political dimension in Quebec, where separatists argue that the francophone province could easil y put a stop to the trade if it had greater autonomy from Ottawa. Tobacco ma nufacturers estimate that taxes on cigarettes will have to be chopped by abo ut two-thirds to compete with contraband goods. They are also banking on a r ise in US cigarette taxes within the next year to narrow the price gap betwe en the two countries. Countries:- CAZ Canada. Industries:- P2111 Cigarettes. P9311 Finance, Taxation, a nd Monetary Policy. Types:- GOVT Taxes. The Financial Times London Page 5 ============= Transaction # 106 ============================================== Transaction #: 106 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:13 Selec. Rec. #: 9 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-4054 _AN-DFKB5AA2FT 9306 11 FT 11 JUN 93 / Asians challenge west on human rights By KIERAN COOKE KUALA LUMPUR A CONFRONTATION is looming between the west and Asia on human rights. Next week a United Nations world conference on human rights - only the second of its kind since the second world war - opens in Vienna. Se veral Asian governments say they intend using the conference to expose what they consider to be western hypocrisy and selectivity on human rights questi ons. In particular they seem intent on confronting a new US administration w hich they feel is intent on increasingly linking human rights and trade and aid issues. Malaysia and Singapore have been making the running in articulat ing the so-called Asian approach to human rights questions. This encompasses two main elements: Cultural relativism. While accepting certain basic human rights, such as the right against arbitrary killing and torture, human righ ts should also reflect local cultural and historical factors. Singapore offi cials accuse the west of arrogantly imposing its concepts of human rights on the rest of the world. They say the west's smugness must be punctured and c ontradictions of its position exposed. Asia must have a different approach: it should carefully sift through western inspired ideas on human rights to f ind elements acceptable in the local context. Malaysia says it will not acce pt finger wagging by the west. 'Each country is entitled to its own percepti on of human rights and forcing developing countries to follow the western pe rception is unfair and unjust,' says Mr Musa Hitam, a leader of the Malaysia n delegation to the conference. Economic development. This emphasises that h uman rights cannot be divorced from economic development. At a conference in Bangkok earlier this year Asian countries signed a declaration saying econo mic development was 'a universal and inalienable right and an integral part of fundamental human rights'. 'Malaysia views development as very basic to h uman rights,' says Mr Musa. 'Civil and political rights should come almost a utomatically after development has been achieved.' Both these ideas are like ly to come under fire in Vienna. Human rights groups dispute that there is a consensus among Asian countries on the issue: for instance, they say, Japan differed radically with China on human rights at the Bangkok conference. Ms Sidney Jones, of the human rights body Asia Watch, says human rights must b e seen as an international issue. 'If governments and their security forces are primarily responsible for human rights abuses, it is illusory to think t hat the same governments are best equipped to protect human rights ..the onl y possible way ..is to acknowledge from the outset that responsibility for p rotection transcends national boundaries.' Amnesty International accuses gov ernments in Asia of condemning the Vienna conference to failure. Mr Pierre S ane, Amnesty's secretary general, says many governments in Asia consider int ernational protection and monitoring of human rights as interference and an attempt by the west to cut their competitiveness. 'What is at stake here is the rights of the workers in Asia,' says Mr Sane. 'If they are respected, pr oducts coming from Asia will be more expensive. And therefore the economic c ompetitiveness of countries like China, Indonesia, Malaysia - the new and em erging tigers - will be threatened. 'It is a very linear concept of developm ent whereby you fill the bellies first, and then you provide people with fre edom,' says Mr Sane. 'Maybe 100 years ago the universal consciousness could accept that to industrialise you crush a whole generation. But it is not acc eptable in 1993.' Countries:- XOZ Asia. I ndustries:- P9222 Legal Counsel and Prosecution. P9721 Interna tional Affairs. Types:- NEWS General News. The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 107 ============================================== Transaction #: 107 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:13 Selec. Rec. #: 10 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT923-4210 _AN-CIHBQAEEFT 9209 08 FT 08 SEP 92 / Smuggled Russian diamonds stoke upset in market By LEYLA BOULTON M OSCOW DIAMOND SMUGGLING from Russia is adding to the turm oil in the market for the precious stone, De Beers admitted yesterday, but t he group, which controls 80 per cent of world trade in rough (uncut) diamond s, said it had no clear idea of the extent of the leakage. Mr Gary Ralfe, th e De Beers director responsible for liaison with the Russians, said it was i mpossible to tell how many diamonds were being smuggled from the former Sovi et Union. He believed the smuggling was taking place without the sanction of the government authorities and that the Russian problem was nothing compare d with the illicit flood of diamonds out of Angola where an estimated Dollar s 1m worth a day are being smuggled to Antwerp. He said he understood some r ough gems were being smuggled out by joint ventures which only had the right to export polished stones. Mr Ralfe said he could not disclose official fig ures for Russian diamond output but denied one suggestion that production ha d fallen from 11m to 4m carats. 'We sell well in excess of 4m carats a year. ' It also became clear yesterday De Beers faces competition from Japan in Ya kutia, where 99 per cent of Russian diamonds are mined and where it hopes to help set up a cutting centre. In any case, the South African group is not c onfident of its grip on the Russian diamonds business and therefore wants to reconfirm its existing five-year contract which gives it a virtual monopoly of Russia's rough diamond exports. De Beers concluded an agreement in 1990 which gives its Central Selling Organisation exclusive rights to sell Russia n rough diamonds exports until 1995. It advanced a Dollars 1bn loan to the f ormer Soviet Union against stockpiled diamonds which were moved to London. T hough Russia has continued to abide by the terms of the deal the agreement h as often been called into question. Mr Nicky Oppenheimer, De Beers deputy ch airman, said: 'We hope that uncertainty in the diamond market will be ended by a pronouncement of the diamond commission which should show that CSO is R ussia's best opportunity.' The Financial Times Lo ndon Page 24 ============= Transaction # 108 ============================================== Transaction #: 108 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 11 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT943-10863 _AN-EHCDQAA4FT 940 803 FT 03 AUG 94 / Reality threatens to overcome China-T aiwan rivalry / Preview of talks between Beijing and Taipei that may for the first time address the issue of direct sea and air links By LAURA TYSON Village chief Huang, who has spent mos t of his 64 years fishing out of Nanliao, a small port on the north-west coa st of Taiwan, is angry. Since the government cracked down on a brisk trade i n smuggling goods between the island and China a few years ago, local fisher men are having a tough time making ends meet. 'The government should just le galise direct shipping with China and make those smugglers pay tax, like the y do on the mainland side,' complains Mr Huang. 'That's a much better way to manage things. Instead, they send the fishermen to jail, burn their boats a nd the police confiscate the goods for themselves. This is totally unreasona ble. Besides, it isn't really smuggling anyway; it's domestic trade.' Even a s Mr Huang was speaking, officials from rival governments in Taipei and Beij ing were preparing to hold high-level talks in which, Taiwanese newspapers h ave suggested, Taipei may for the first time address the issue of resuming d irect sea and air links to China. Taiwan's Nationalist government has banned the san tung or 'three directs' - transportation, trade and post - with Chi na since 1949, when General Chiang Kai-shek fled to the island after losing a civil war to Mao Zedong's communist forces. Fast-growing cross-strait trad e is mostly funneled through Hong Kong. But smuggling and illegal fishing in the Taiwan Strait surged once the government lifted martial law and began t o relax coastal defence operations in 1987. Positioned at the narrowest poin t along the strait, Nanliao became a smuggling hub. To traverse the 70-odd n autical miles to Pingtan on the coast of China's Fujian province takes 10 ho urs by fishing boat, three to four hours by cruiser, or less than two hours by speedboat. Lured by high returns, local fishermen plied the waters in woo den boats laden with contraband ranging from liquor, cigarettes and medicine s, to narcotics from betel to heroin and human cargo which has found its way to shores as far-flung as New York. Judging by the number of Mercedes-Benze s and BMWs on the sleepy byways of Nanliao, some locals profited handsomely before Taiwan's maritime police swooped on Nanliao. Cross-strait smuggling h as simply been diverted elsewhere, mainly along Taiwan's northern coast. An estimated 200 fishing boats make the crossing each day. Smuggled Chinese pro ducts can be found in markets and 30,000 mainlanders are illegally living on the island. From tomorrow, Taiwan's chief China negotiator, Mr Chiao Jen-ho , will begin four days of talks with his counterpart from Beijing, Mr Tang S hubei. Little progress has been made in five previous quasi-official cross-s trait discussions since ground-breaking meetings in April 1993. But the stal emate in political relations belies resurgent economic ties, driven by cultu ral and family connections as well as the search by Taiwan businessmen for c heap labour, land, raw materials and markets. Taiwanese investment in China is estimated at more than Dollars 15bn (Pounds 9.6bn). Taiwan officials pred ict that Hong Kong, the main conduit, will soon supplant the US as the islan d's biggest export market. In the first half of this year, shipments to the US accounted for 25.9 per cent of total exports, down 1.8 per cent from a ye ar earlier. Exports to the British colony jumped 11.2 per cent to account fo r 22.9 per cent of outbound shipments. Most shipments headed for Hong Kong a re destined for China. A leading Chinese businessman visited the island last week under the guise of promoting cross-strait golfing exchanges. Mr Wang J un, president of the China International Trust and Investment Corp (Citic), China's leading international business conglomerate, met with senior figures in politics and business. Mr Wang's low-profile tour of the island included a trip to Taichung harbour, which is preparing for the advent of cross-stra it shipping. It is perhaps no coincidence that Citic and Bechtel Enterprises , the finance and development arm of the engineering group, last week jointl y announced a port development plan at Daxie Island, about 100 miles south o f Shanghai. So far, Taipei has refused to discuss direct links on the ground s that Beijing must first recognise Taiwan as a sovereign government. China continues to regard Taiwan as a renegade province. But as economic ties betw een the two sides grow, so too does pressure from Taiwan's business communit y, making it increasingly difficult for Taipei to stave off the inevitable. The ministry of transportation and communications promised early last month to produce a report by mid-1995 outlining technical aspects of direct sea an d air links with China. This is probably little more than a stalling techniq ue, as the ministry has already been studying the matter for years. But the government knows it must come to grips with the issue before June 30 1997, w hen Hong Kong reverts to Chinese sovereignty, for then there can be no more pretence of keeping China at arm's length. Countries:- CNZ China, Asia. TWZ Taiwan, Asia. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- CMMT Comment & A nalysis. The Financial Times London Page 3 ============= Transaction # 109 ============================================== Transaction #: 109 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 12 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT934-3429 _AN-DLIC6AAXFT 9312 09 FT 09 DEC 93 / Vietnamese worried by corruption By IAIN SIMPSON HANOI The Vietnamese government has admitted that a year-long campaign aga inst corruption among state employees is having little impact and that corru ption is costing the country tens of millions of dollars. Mr Bui Thien Ngo, interior minister, told the National Assembly that measures to fight corrupt ion had brought about no significant changes and the situation remained seri ous. He said efforts to curb smuggling were failing although more than 17,00 0 cases of smuggling have been uncovered so far this year. Officials say goo ds smuggled in from China and Cambodia are damaging domestic industry and lo sing the government revenue. The fight against corruption and smuggling has been a recurring theme for the past year and Mr Vo Van Kiet, prime minister, has made curbing corruption among officials a personal crusade. Appeals for more vigilance and more efforts to curb corruption are part of a political battle now being waged in Hanoi over the pace of economic reforms. The more conservative members of the assembly and Communist party officials say corru ption and other social ills are a result of rapid economic reforms. Countries:- VNZ Vietnam, Asia. Industries:- P9311 Finance, Taxation, and Monetary Policy. Types:- NEWS General News. The Financial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 110 ============================================== Transaction #: 110 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 13 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT933-2087 _AN-DIUCIACSFT 9309 21 FT 21 SEP 93 / Technology: Genetic food for thought < /HEADLINE> By CLIVE COOKSON Is there a hint of cannibalism about eating an animal that has been genetically engineered to i nclude human genes? Should a Moslem or Jew avoid meat from a cow that includ es pig genes? Can vegetarians eat plants containing animal genes? Such quest ions may sound like absurd moral speculation. But biotechnology is moving so fast that the world's religious and ethical thinkers will soon have to give practical advice on genetically modified foods. Some preliminary advice cam e yesterday from the UK government's Ethical Committee on Genetic Modificati on of Food. It found 'no overriding ethical objections' to foods incorporati ng copies of human genes, but recommended that products containing human and other 'ethically sensitive' genes be labelled clearly to allow consumers to make an informed choice. The committee of six was chaired by John Polkingho rne, president of Queens' College, Cambridge, who is an ordained scientist. It consulted widely among different religious groups and others who feel str ongly about food purity. Its report concludes that a human gene inserted int o another species should not be regarded as human material. This is partly b ecause what is transplanted is not an original human gene but a copy of one - and, to make the point, the committee uses throughout the report the cumbe rsome phrase 'copy genes of human origin'. In any case, the report says, the gene loses its human character outside the context of a human cell. Experim ental transgenic animals with human genes already exist - for example sheep that make Factor IX, the blood-clotting protein, for haemophiliacs. Such ani mals are far too valuable to reach the meat market today. But surplus transg enic sheep - those that do not make enough human protein for pharmaceutical use - may be sold for food at some point in the future. * Report of the Ethi cal Committee on Genetic Modification of Food, HMSO, Pounds 7.95. Countries:- GBZ United Kingdom, EC. Industries:- P20 Food and Kindred Products. Types:- TECH Technology. The Financial Times London Page 15 ============= Transaction # 111 ============================================== Transaction #: 111 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 14 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT943-8942 _AN-EHODDAAOFT 9408 15 FT 15 AUG 94 / Germany to act on smuggling of nuclear material By JUDY DEMPSEY BE RLIN Chancellor Helmut Kohl will send a special envoy to Moscow to find out how nuclear material is being smuggled into Germany after police in Bavaria last week seized 50 grams of enriched plutonium carried o n a recent Lufthansa flight from Moscow to Munich. It was the third seizure in four months of weapons-grade material from the former Soviet bloc and con firmed fears that Germany has become the main transit route for such smuggli ng since the end of the cold war opened a black market for nuclear contraban d from the east. Speaking on German television last night, Mr Kohl said he w ould also speak to President Boris Yeltsin to seek help in tightening up sec urity. 'Every possible step must be taken to prevent such things from happen ing in the future,' he said. At the same time, Mr Klaus Kinkel, the foreign minister, yesterday told Bild am Sonntag newspaper that a 'new control syste m for plutonium' should be set up. 'Travelling salesmen with nuclear suitcas es pose a new atomic danger,' he said. Police told Der Spiegel magazine, whi ch broke the story, that the smuggling of weapons-grade nuclear materials co uld have been organised by Libyan, Iranian, or Iraqi diplomats. Countries:- DEZ Germany, EC. RUZ Russia, East Europe. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS General News. The Financial Times London Page 2 ============= Transaction # 112 ============================================== Transaction #: 112 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 15 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT941-13162 _AN-EA0DIAA9FT 940 127 FT 27 JAN 94 / UK is odd man out in China diplomacy: Beijing eases conflicts with other security council members By TONY WALKER When Chinese foreign minister Qian Qichen concluded a visit to Paris this week, he achieved more than simply re storing equilibrium to a troubled relationship. The Sino-French rapprochemen t means that China has now reduced the number of serious diplomatic conflict s with fellow members of the world's most exclusive club, the UN Security Co uncil, to one - its dispute with Britain over Hong Kong. Nothing could have contrasted more sharply than the emollient words uttered in Paris at the con clusion of Mr Qian's visit and the continuing sour exchanges between Beijing and London. Indeed, troubled Sino-British relations appear to have taken a further turn for the worse with the row over the financing of the new Hong K ong airport flaring up in a way that does not augur well for amicable resolu tion. China's warning that it would refuse to honour after 1997 financing fo r the new HKDollars 160bn (Pounds 13.9bn) airport project threatens to strik e at the heart of arrangements for a smooth transfer of power. No other capi tal works project is as important to Hong Kong's integration with the mainla nd, and the colony's future economic well-being. Britain's problems with Chi na have also been cast in starker relief in recent days by the conspicuous i mprovement in fractious Sino-US relations after Washington's decision last S eptember to end the 'downward spiral' in its dealings with the People's Repu blic. Since the Clinton administration resolved to 're-engage' China, a stea dy stream of senior American officials has passed through Beijing, culminati ng in the visit last week of Mr Lloyd Bentsen, the US treasury secretary. Th ese visits have also been accompanied by tangible progress on bothersome iss ues, including trade disputes, smuggling and illegal immigration. The signin g this month, after reasonably amicable negotiations, of a three-year textil e quota agreement attested to an improved working relationship. Efforts to l ay the groundwork for renewal by President Clinton of most favoured nation ( MFN) trading status for China by obliging Beijing to address the human right s issue appear to be making progress; but US officials say that China is sti ll some distance away from meeting Mr Clinton's criteria of 'overall, signif icant improvement' on human rights. In Paris this week, China appeared to ma ke an important concession by agreeing to discuss for the first time specifi c US concerns about 235 political prisoners. That undertaking came at a meet ing between Mr Qian and Mr Warren Christopher, the US secretary of state. Wh ile Mr Christopher repeated a standard administration line after his session with Mr Qian that China had not met the criteria for continued preferential access to the US market, there is no doubt that odds on MFN renewal have sh ortened. 'This meeting has carried the process forward but we also believe t here is considerable work to be done,' said Mr Winston Lord, assistant secre tary of state, former US ambassador to Beijing and chief architect of the Cl inton administration's policy on China. A western official in Beijing said t hat while human rights issues were certain to continue to bedevil China's de alings with the west, there were tentative signs that Beijing may at last be recognising that it could not continue to stonewall western pressures. 'The Americans may have finally convinced the Chinese of the US domestic reality , and that they will have to do something tangible on human rights,' he said . 'The cynical release of a few prisoners on the eve of the MFN decision sim ply won't fly any more.' China's fence-mending with both the French and the Americans also coincides with the visit to Beijing this week of Mr Andrei Ko zyrev, the Russian foreign minister at the head of a mission which includes defence experts. China is seeking increased Russian assistance in the develo pment of its defence industries. It is also anxious to further expand and re gulate booming border trade. Total trade between Russia and China increased by 30 per cent last year compared with 1993. Eighty per cent of this trade i s conducted through some 20 border crossings. For the Russians, no less than for the Americans and French, access to the booming China market is the eng ine driving diplomatic relations. France's decision to foreswear further arm s sales to Taiwan as the price of better China relations - what France's Pre sident Francois Mitterrand described as a 'new orientation' - is recognition of China's growing economic clout. For London, mired in a seemingly intract able dispute over Hong Kong, the unhappy prospect is for continued sour exch anges with Beijing, accompanied by the risk of damage to UK commercial prosp ects. Emboldened by its success in forcing France to stop new arms sales to Taiwan, and assuming that it clears the MFN hurdle, Beijing is even less lik ely to yield ground over Hong Kong. Countries:- CNZ China, Asia. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- CMMT Comment & Analysis. The Financ ial Times London Page 4 ============= Transaction # 113 ============================================== Transaction #: 113 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 16 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT931-1551 _AN-DCXCKAG1FT 9303 24 FT 24 MAR 93 / Bombay police find arms cache: Sixteen held since bomb attacks By STEFAN WAGSTYL BOMBAY INDIAN police investigating the bom b blasts which rocked Bombay earlier this month yesterday discovered a huge cache of arms including 600 detonators, 195 hand grenades, rifles and ammuni tion. The discovery is the latest development in a wide-ranging probe involv ing the Indian intelligence service, as well as Interpol and anti-terrorist experts from the US and other countries. The Bombay police have detained 16 people in connection with the blasts, which left about 250 people dead and o ver 1,000 injured in the biggest terrorist attack in Indian history. The exp losions followed riots in Bombay and other cities which came in the wake of the destruction of a mosque in the holy town of Ayodhya by Hindu militants. However, those detained by the Bombay police are seen as minor participants in the attacks: they include men who allegedly drove bomb-laden cars to blas t sites and dealers who supplied the vehicles. The police have yet to arrest anybody thought to be an organiser of the attack; norhave they publicly ide ntified any group as a possible party to the incident, though they strongly believe that the explosives used were supplied from overseas. Police officia ls have declined to comment on the suspicion - widely held in Bombay - that an Islamic fundamentalist group could have organised the attacks in revenge for Ayodhya. However, the police want to question two Indian Moslem brothers , the alleged leaders of smuggling rings, who left the country just before t he blasts. They are Mr Mushtaq Memon, known as 'Tiger', and his elder brothe r Yakub. The two flew with their families to Dubai. From there they have fle d to another Moslem country, believed to be Pakistan. In New Delhi, Mr P V N arasimha Rao, prime minister, yesterday beat off a challenge to his authorit y from Mr Arjun Singh, minister for human resources. Acting before a nationa l conference this weekend of the ruling Congress (I) party, Mr Singh had que stioned if Mr Rao was being aggressive enough against the right-wing Hindu B haratiya Janata party, whose supporters stormed the Ayodhya mosque. Countries:- INZ India, Asia. Industries:- < IN>P9229 Public Order and Safety, NEC. P9111 Executive Offices. Types:- GOVT Legal issues. PEOP Personnel News. The Financial Times London Page 6 ============= Transaction # 114 ============================================== Transaction #: 114 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 17 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT924-5134 _AN-CK2AVAALFT 9211 28 FT 28 NOV 92 / Serbs' human wall keeps UN aid from Mo slems: Laura Silber reports from Bajina Basta, where angry villagers have ha lted a food convoy to a besieged town By LAURA SILBE R and Agencies Sarajevo HOPE of e mergency aid reaching Srebrenica, a besieged Moslem town in eastern Bosnia, receded yesterday after Bosnian Serb commanders sent a UN convoy on a wild g oose chase. The UN, blocked for three days, suffered another setback in its third attempt to reach Srebrenica. Once again, this time in Bajina Basta, lo cal Serbs formed a human wall on a bridge over the River Drina, linking Bosn ia with Serbia, in order to block food from reaching tens of thousands of Mo slems. The 20-lorry convoy was instead forced to take a new route down a win ding road in the Drina river valley, 30 miles south of the previous, more di rect route to the besieged Moslem stronghold. In every town where the convoy was blocked, similar events took place. Villagers screamed and jeered. Old women brandished sticks. One even waved an axe at journalists. Volleys of gu nfire boomed in the surrounding hills as locals accused the Moslems of roast ing their Serb victims on a spit. They said the convoy of the UN High Commis sioner for Refugees (UNHCR) was smuggling weapons in the food packages. In o ther villages, weeping Serb women said the fresh graves were the reason why they would never let the convoy reach one of the last pockets of Moslem resi stance. 'While we are alive, this convoy will never pass,' said Andriana, 17 , a student. 'Most of my friends are buried in the cemetery. They were just a year older than me.' Officials of the UNHCR patiently reiterated that aid must be given out to all sides in the Bosnian war. But shabbily-clad Serb vi llagers defiantly insisted: 'We don't need your help.' The UNHCR since July has delivered 85 tonnes of aid to the town of 3,000 people. Last week, the U N severed aid to Serb-held territory in eastern Bosnia until access is given to Moslem towns. Bosnian Serb commanders told UN officials that the new rou te to Srebrenica in any case was an unusable dirt track. A UN reconnaissance team later confirmed that armoured personnel carriers and 10-tonne aid lorr ies would get stuck. Agreement for the convoy to take this new route was won after Serb commanders appeared to climb down in their war of nerves with th e UN. But as the convoy commanders yesterday waited for the go-ahead, it app eared the Serbs had won again. An angry Bosnian Serb soldier asked why the w orld tells lies about Serbs. He gestured at the crowd of 200 people, saying 'everyone has lost a son or a husband'. The crowd waved placards in English saying: 'Don't feed our enemy' referring to the Moslems of Srebrenica, five miles away over the hillside. Across the river in Serbia, UN peacekeepers es corting the convoy set up camp in a cattle market as they awaited orders to head for Srebrenica, the only Bosnian town to have received no aid since the war erupted in April. British, Danish and Belgium peacekeepers sat eating F rench army rations and sipping French wine while UN officials and commanders in Sarajevo tried to pressure Serb commanders into letting the convoy throu gh. While weeping Serb villagers seemed genuinely distressed, a UN soldier s aid the blockade of the convoy belonged to a military strategy. 'The Serb mi litary obviously intends to starve the Moslems and then take the town.' Bosn ian Serbs and leaders of Croatia's regular forces have agreed a ceasefire fr om midnight tomorrow, according to Mr Radovan Karadzic, the Bosnian Serb lea der, agencies report from Sarajevo. He denied this amounted to a Serb-Croat 'carve-up' of Bosnia at the expense of Moslems. The Financial T imes London Page 2 ============= Transaction # 115 ============================================== Transaction #: 115 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 18 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT922-13064 _AN-CDNA2ADPFT 920 414 FT 14 APR 92 / US gene research supremo resigns By DANIEL GREEN SUPPORTERS of controver sial efforts to patent human genes won a victory at the weekend with the res ignation of Mr James Watson as head of the US government's human gene resear ch project. Mr Watson, a Nobel prize winner for his part in discovering the DNA double helix, is an outspoken opponent of recent attempts to patent piec es of human genes. The issue has divided scientific communities in the US, J apan and Europe which are mapping all 100,000 genes in the human body. At st ake is the potential for billions of dollars of revenue from buyers of genet ic information, such as drug companies Mr Watson was director of the Human G enome Project, the Washington-based federal research organisation. The proje ct is part of the National Institute of Health (NIH), the US federal agency which is spending more than Dollars 150m (Pounds 87.2m) a year on the 20-yea r programme. The EC and Japan are each putting in about one fifth as much ag ain into the same project at local research establishments. Mr Watson's resi gnation comes at the same time as an inquiry by the NIH ethics officer into a potential conflict of interest because of his shareholdings in biotechnolo gy companies. However, many believe he left because of policy differences wi th Ms Bernadine Healy, who became director of the NIH last year. Mr Watson h anded in his resignation on Friday saying it would allow Ms Healy 'to appoin t her own director' of the Genome project. Debate over the patenting of huma n genes reached a head last summer after a US laboratory filed, under the au spices of the NIH, 347 patents for pieces of human DNA. 'Virtually all scien tists have opposed this,' said Sir Walter Bodmer, president of the Human Gen ome Organisation, which co-ordinates human genome research globally. The Financial Times London Page 7 ============= Transaction # 116 ============================================== Transaction #: 116 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 19 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT921-12956 _AN-CA0BBAACFT 920 124 FT 24 JAN 92 / World News in Brief: Smuggling diplom at Zimbabwe has ordered the expulsion of a North Korean d iplomat who smuggled rhino horns out of the country. Trade in rhino horns, p rized in the Far East as a sex stimulant, is banned under a world convention . The Financial Times International Page 1 ============= Transaction # 117 ============================================== Transaction #: 117 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 20 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT921-12938 _AN-CAXBAAAEFT 920 124 FT 24 JAN 92 / World News in Brief: Smuggling diplom at Zimbabwe has ordered the expulsion of a North Korean d iplomat who smuggled rhino horns out of the country. Trade in rhino horns, h ighly prized in the Far East as a sex stimulant, is banned under a world con vention. The Financial Times London Page 1 ============= Transaction # 118 ============================================== Transaction #: 118 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 21 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT923-5754 _AN-CIBBCADZFT 9208 28 FT 28 AUG 92 / UN troops in former Yugoslavia should expand human rights mandate By FRANCES WILLIAMS GENEVA UNITED NATIONS troops in the f ormer Yugoslavia should have an expanded human rights mandate, Mr Tadeusz Ma zowiecki, said yesterday, writes Frances Williams in Geneva. The former Poli sh premier, appointed UN special human rights investigator this month, said he would also recommend the setting up of an international commission to inv estigate atrocities. Human rights were 'totally non-existent' in Bosnia, he said after a five-day tour which took in Zagreb and Vukovar in Croatia, Banj a Luka, Bihac and Sarajevo in Bosnia, and Belgrade, the Serbian capital. Cit ing world inaction after earlier reports of gross human rights abuses, he to ld reporters in Geneva that what mattered was ending the war and the atrocit ies. The international community had to provide 'effective help and effectiv e remedies'. His preliminary report to the UN Human Rights Commission, due t o be sent to the 53 members today, would include a recommendation to enlarge the mandate of UN forces to report, and perhaps act to prevent, human right s abuses, which they cannot now do. The Financial Times London Page 2 ============= Transaction # 119 ============================================== Transaction #: 119 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 22 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT924-550 _AN-CLWCDAELFT 92122 3 FT 23 DEC 92 / Commodities and Agriculture: Diamond gl oom lifts as Angolan smuggling eases By KENNETH GOOD ING THE THREAT of civil war in Angola and growing consumer confidence in the US is lifting some of the gloom from the diamond market. T he flood of smuggled rough (uncut) diamonds from Angola, which was severely destabilising the market, has slowed to a trickle. Also official production by Angola's state-owned Endiama group has come to a halt following renewed t ension and fighting between government forces and the Unita movement. At one time an estimated 50,000 private enterprise diggers were picking up diamond s from dried-up river beds in Angola. The stones were smuggled out mainly to Antwerp where De Beers, which controls 80 per cent of world-wide rough diam ond sales, attempted to keep the market stable by buying them for its stockp ile. At the height of the rush De Beers' buyer in Antwerp mopped up nearly D ollars 40m-worth in one week and the group estimates about Dollars 500m of s tones were smuggled out of Angola this year, representing a sudden 10 per ce nt addition to world supply. However, most of the unofficial diggers disappe ared when political tension in Angola was renewed after elections in Septemb er and the Unita forces withdrew to their stronghold in the southern provinc es, including the Lunda Norte diamond district. After fighting broke out las t month, sub-contractors who mine on Endiama's behalf withdrew all their per sonnel. Last year Angola's official diamond production was in the region of 1m carats, worth about Dollars 100m. Coming at a time when demand was weaken ing in the biggest diamond markets - the US and Japan - because of recession , the Angolan smuggling has been putting a severe strain on De Beers' financ ial resources and its ability to stop a precipitous fall in rough diamond pr ices. De Beers has told the producers whose stones it markets that it can ta ke only 75 per cent of the agreed quota and has also severely restricted the diamonds releases to the market via merchants at its monthly 'sights'. Some traders suggest that, consequently, rough diamond prices are getting firmer and there are even some shortages of particular types of polished stones. ' Rough (diamond) buyers say the market is now in balance rather than a buyer' s market as it was a few weeks ago,' said Mr Mark Cockle, editor of the Diam ond International magazine. The Financial Times L ondon Page 20 ============= Transaction # 120 ============================================== Transaction #: 120 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 23 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT931-6078 _AN-DCCCKADNFT 9303 03 FT 03 MAR 93 / Business and the Environment: Paraguay 's parrots get the last word - John Barham describes how the country is crac king down on the illegal trade in live animals By JO HN BARHAM Good news about the trade in endangered species i s rare, especially when it comes from Paraguay, where the illegal trade in l ive animals, birds and skins flourished for decades. During the 35-year regi me of General Alfredo Stroessner, corruption and contraband were central to Paraguay's political system. Paraguayans hunted down caymans in wildlife ref uges by the hundreds of thousands to sell their skins. The capital, Asuncion , became a centre of the shady international trade in live parrots, snakes a nd monkeys, though it was banned under Paraguayan law and international trea ties. What is more, the smugglers moved in the same underworld as gun-runner s, drug traders and car thieves. But in 1989, a military coup toppled Stroes sner and Paraguay began making rapid, if uncertain, strides towards democrac y. The government is anxious to improve Paraguay's dreadful image by taking action over human rights violations, corruption, smuggling and the illegal t rade in animals. During the last 18 months, Paraguay has sharpened its envir onmental laws and promoted determined, honest individuals. The result is mor e seizures of skins and live animals that were once openly traded. Rich and powerful merchants find their links to the military no longer provide immuni ty. Even the Swiss-based United Nations' Convention on International Trade i n Endangered Species (Cites), once a bitter critic, now recognises Paraguay is improving. Obdulio Menghi, Cites' scientific co-ordinator, says the Parag uayans 'are working like never before, because of the professional and polit ical (commitment) that the country has assumed for the first time'. Change h as come almost entirely as a result of intense international pressure from g roups such as Cites. Luz Aquino-Shuster, head of the government's Cites liai son office, says: 'When I went to conferences, I would be pointed at and peo ple would say Paraguay is a bad country. It was terrible.' Now, she gets let ters of support. Moreover, she says: 'Biologists are in charge now. This is important, because before the politicians were in charge and they did not ca re.' The US Fish and Wildlife Service is advising the government on improvin g controls, a further sign that Paraguay's search for respectability is some thing more than a public relations stunt. However, the Paraguayans have litt le hard data to show for their work, although they do provide some graphic a ccounts of their seizures. For instance, in February, Aquino's staff seized 1,125 skins, coats, belts and shoes from a trader. They also fined a shop se lling illegal furs and skins Dollars 37,500 (Pounds 26,600) - a princely sum by local standards. Since then, traders have become warier and seizures les s frequent. Furthermore, some foreign governments caution that Paraguay's im provement is overrated, warning that corruption and smuggling still continue , if only with greater discretion. Nonetheless, the government is co-ordinat ing wildlife control operations with the army, police and customs, since the trade in animals is part of a wider underground market in drugs, arms and s tolen cars. It is also sponsoring an environmental law in congress and Aquin o hopes that smuggling animals - at present a civil offence - will be made c riminal. Falling international prices have made her work easier. Hunters hav e glutted the market and demand in once lucrative Asian markets is declining . Warehouses around the world are stacked with enough cayman, iguana and boa constrictor skins to last many years. There is still a lot to be done. Meng hi says: 'You have to struggle permanently against contraband, whether of an imals, drugs or arms.' And several important European markets are still impo rting animals and skins, to the Paraguayans' fury. Clamping down on smugglin g hits peasants and Indians, who are used to supplementing their incomes wit h hunting. Experienced hunters can easily catch a pair of adult parrots or s hoot between 15 and 20 caymans a day, although they are paid very little. It is the middlemen who reap the profits: a parrot can retail for up to Dollar s 10,000 in Los Angeles. The government is trying to ease this problem by al lowing controlled exports of a few species whose numbers are not in danger. The main candidate for 'rational exploitation' is the heavily hunted Teyu Gu azu iguana, whose skin is used to make handbags, belts and cowboy boots. In 1980-85, between 1.5m and 3.6m Teyu Guazu were exported. Closer co-operation is needed at regional level. Paraguay's neighbour, Argentina, is often crit icised for lax controls and its security and conservation forces lack co-ord ination. Smugglers habitually exploit its generous export licences to 'laund er' species hunted in Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay. However, Menghi says eve n Argentina is improving its controls. However praiseworthy these efforts ma y be, they do little to alleviate the destruction of habitats, the principal threat to wildlife. The situation is worsening by the day, as Paraguay's fo rests are cut down and farmers encroach on virgin territory. Co untries:- PYZ Paraguay, South America. Industries:- P9512 Land, Mineral, Wildlife Conservation. Types:- RES Natural resources. CMMT Comment & Analysis. The Fi nancial Times London Page 16 ============= Transaction # 121 ============================================== Transaction #: 121 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:14 Selec. Rec. #: 24 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-4966 _AN-DFGB7AA3FT 9306 07 FT 07 JUN 93 / Eight die as freighter runs aground By NIKKI TAIT NEW YORK AT LEAST eight people died early yesterday morning after a freig hter, believed to be carrying hundreds of illegal Chinese immigrants, ran ag round close to Rockaway beaches in the Queens borough of New York City. The grounding of the freighter, the Golden Venture, happened shortly after 2am y esterday. More than 100 Chinese passengers plunged into the chilly waters, a nd swam about half a mile to the shore. According to emergency rescue worker s, who reached the scene shortly afterwards, four passengers were known to h ave died on the beach, and another two in hospital later. Two bodies were al so washed ashore. By late afternoon officials said that they had accounted f or about 300 people. Many of those who swam ashore were said to be suffering from exposure or hypothermia, and about 20 had been taken to hospital. Ther e were also growing fears that tuberculosis may have been prevalent on the v essel. Initial pictures released by the US Coast Guard of the freighter's in terior suggested that conditions had been extremely cramped and squalid. How ever, officials still lacked a firm indication of the number of people who h ad been aboard the ship. Interpreters who were called to the scene said that some passengers claimed to have been aboard the freighter for more than 100 days. They also reported that it made a number of stops in China before cro ssing the ocean. This fuelled rumours that the ship was operated by an Asian 'human smuggling' ring, which had charged passengers Dollars 20,000-Dollars 30,000 for the journey. Mr William Slattery, New York district director for immigration and naturalisation, said the immigrants were mostly Chinese fro m Fukien province. The 11 crew members were still being questioned by the US authorities last night, while their passengers were placed in the custody o f the US Immigration and Naturalisation Service. All are understood to have asked for political asylum. The vessel itself remained stranded on a sand-ba nk. However, the local Coast Guard reported that it was up against a 'rock j etty', and expressed concern that an oil spill might develop. The ship was c arrying about five tons of diesel fuel. Illegal Chinese immigration has been on the rise in New York City, but this is believed to be the first time a v essel carrying such a large number of passengers has disgorged its load on t he city's shoreline. Countries:- USZ United States o f America. Industries:- P99 Nonclassifiable Establish ments. Types:- NEWS General News. The Finan cial Times London Page 5 ============= Transaction # 122 ============================================== Transaction #: 122 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:42:15 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 2 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {illegal immigrants})" ============= Transaction # 123 ============================================== Transaction #: 123 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:18 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 3843 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 124 ============================================== Transaction #: 124 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:42:32 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 3 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {illegal immigrants smuggling})" ============= Transaction # 125 ============================================== Transaction #: 125 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:42:34 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 4290 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 126 ============================================== Transaction #: 126 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:43:27 Selec. Rec. #: 3 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT931-8991 _AN-DBQC0AALFT 9302 17 FT 17 FEB 93 / Immigrants crackdown agreed By NICHOLAS DENTON BUDAPEST INTERIOR ministers from 35 European countries yesterday agreed to c rack down on the wave of illegal immigration from east to west which is fuel ling anti-foreigner violence in Germany and elsewhere. The ministers said or ganised smuggling of illegal immigrants would be made a criminal offence acr oss Europe. They also agreed that airlines, as well as land and sea carriers , should be liable to fines under new rules on the movement of illegal alien s. The conference of ministers from east and western Europe follows pressure for co-ordinated efforts to reduce an increasing flow of illegal immigratio n that ministers say has fuelled xenophobia and been exploited by organised crime. The ministers agreed to set up special police units and mobile survei llance forces to a standard model. The governments also agreed to exchange i nformation and adopt a common code on border checks. But ministers from seve ral countries including Britain, balked at the German demand for a common co de on repatriation and on sharing the financial burdens of combating illegal immigration. The outcome of the meeting yesterday displayed the limits of p an-European co-operation on paying for immigration. Interests diverge: Germa ny, Austria, Switzerland and Sweden have borne the brunt of the influx from eastern Europe and are pushing for action, while their neighbours to the wes t are more concerned about migrants from other continents. Germany sought ye sterday to allay the fears of Poland and the Czech Republic that they would become part of a 'refugee zone' if Germany turned back more asylum seekers. Last week, Bonn offered Warsaw DM55m (Pounds 23m) to finance refugee camps. Attention will now turn to sub-regional initiatives, particularly bilateral talks with neighbouring Poland and the Czech Republic. Mr Rudolf Seiters, Ge rman interior minister, yesterday gave early March as the date for the next round of talks with Poland on financial aid in exchange for providing transi t for rejected asylum-seekers before repatriation. He also announced talks s oon in Prague on a multilateral approach to expelling illegal immigrants. Ed itorial Comment, Page 17 Countries:- XGZ Europe. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types :- GOVT Government News. The Financial Times

London Page 2 ============= Transaction # 127 ============================================== Transaction #: 127 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:43:43 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT933-11804 _AN-DG1B8ABEFT 930 728 FT 28 JUL 93 / US tightens immigration curbs By GEORGE GRAHAM PRESIDENT Bill Clinton ye sterday launched a programme to tighten US immigration controls and clamp do wn on smuggling rings that bring foreigners into the country illegally. He a sked Congress for Dollars 172m to hire up to 600 more border patrol agents a nd boost efforts to stop immigrant-smugglers and intercept smuggling ships a t sea. 'It's certainly plain to anybody with eyes to see that the border pat rol is drastically understaffed, breathtakingly understaffed,' Mr Clinton sa id. He also called for a process of 'expedited exclusion' which would allow officials to rule summarily on asylum requests, instead of allowing asylum-s eekers to stay for months while their cases are judged. Anyone trying to smu ggle in aliens would face anti-racketeering charges and doubled prison sente nces. In recent months, there have been a series of attempts to land illegal immigrants by ship. The measures have also been prompted by doubts about th e effectiveness of US consular officials in screening visa applicants for te rrorist links. There is the recent case of Sheikh Omar Abdel Rahman, a milit ant Moslem preacher, several of whose followers have been arrested in connec tion with the bombing of the World Trade Centre in New York. Sheikh Omar is in custody awaiting deportation proceedings, although he entered the US lega lly on a visa issued after a CIA review. Mr Clinton insisted the US was not seeking to close its doors to legal immigrants and would remain 'the world's greatest melting pot'. However, 'we must say no to illegal immigration so w e can continue to say yes to legal immigration,' he said. Count ries:- USZ United States of America. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS Genera l News. The Financial Times London Page 4 < /DOC> ============= Transaction # 128 ============================================== Transaction #: 128 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:43:47 Selec. Rec. #: 2 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-4965 _AN-DFGB7AA4FT 9306 07 FT 07 JUN 93 / US fears flood of China's new slaves: California's latest immigration problem By LOUISE KE HOE and TONY WALKER IMMIGRATION officials in California fea r that thousands of illegal Chinese emigrants may be on board ships headed f or the west coast of the US, following the apprehension of about 500 Chinese landing along the coast over the past two weeks. Two trawlers, each carryin g a human cargo of about 150 Chinese immigrants packed into the holds, were seized earlier this week as they landed at fishing harbours near Monterey an d San Francisco. The coastal vessels are believed to have picked up their pa ssengers five days earlier from off-shore 'mother ships' which crossed the P acific. Last month, in an even more brazen attempt to smuggle people into th e US, the Pai Sheng, a Chinese freighter, sailed under the Golden Gate Bridg e right into San Francisco Bay to drop off about 270 passengers at a disused city pier. Most were detained after a chase by police and immigration agent s through city parks and streets. These incidents are further evidence of wh at US authorities say is a large-scale smuggling operation with suspected li nks to Asian organised crime rings in the US and Hong Kong. The immigrants, most of them men in their 20s, pay fees of between Dollars 20,000 (Pounds 13 ,000) and Dollars 40,000 for their passage to the US, according to investiga tors. They scrape together about Dollars 1,000, typically borrowed from rela tives, to board the ships, and are then indebted for the balance of their 'f are'. Most of the illegal immigrants set off from the coastal Chinese provin ces of Fujian and Guangdong. Many, however, come from China's hinterland whe re people feel they are being left behind by the economic boom in more prosp erous areas of the country. A widening economic gap between country and city is contributing to the desperation of many young Chinese. Although they com e to the US seeking jobs and economic prosperity, the immigrants instead bec ome slaves to their smugglers and many resort to crime to pay off their debt s, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. 'They are selling their souls. What are these people going to do to pay off the smugglers? ' asks R ichard Held, a FBI Special Agent in San Francisco. 'Does that mean moving he roin or cocaine? That is a distinct possibility.' The recent influx has rais ed suspicions in the US of complicity by the Chinese government in the human trafficking. But in Beijing officials deny 'turning a blind eye' to illegal emigration. 'The Chinese government has all along been opposed to illegal e migration and has adopted a series of measures to stop it,' said Mr Wu Jianm in, the Chinese foreign ministry spokesman. Mr Wu insisted that Chinese secu rity organisations had 'intensified their efforts' to stop illegal organisat ions trafficking in immigrants. However, some of the immigrants landing in S an Francisco this week spoke of paying additional fees to bribe Chinese gove rnment officials to let them leave the country, according to US investigator s. With millions of dollars being extorted from the passengers of the Chines e smuggling ships, it seems unlikely that the practice will end soon. So far this year, the US Coast Guard has detained over 1,600 illegal Chinese immig rants, more than twice the number in 1992. The rising numbers could, however , reflect a change of route, rather than a growing volume of illegal immigra nts. US investigators speculate that the smugglers are now cutting out 'midd le men' in other countries and attempting to maximise their profits by landi ng their passengers directly on US shores. Chinese officials charge that the willingness of some countries (including the US) to grant 'political asylum ' to Chinese emigrants is encouraging human smuggling. Indeed, US immigratio n lawyers representing some of the passengers of the Pai Sheng say that they will seek asylum and note that the judicial process may take as long as 10 years, giving their clients time to seek legal US residency. Co untries:- USZ United States of America. Industries:- < /XX> P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS Gen eral News. The Financial Times London Page 5 ============= Transaction # 129 ============================================== Transaction #: 129 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:43:51 Selec. Rec. #: 3 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT931-8991 _AN-DBQC0AALFT 9302 17 FT 17 FEB 93 / Immigrants crackdown agreed By NICHOLAS DENTON BUDAPEST INTERIOR ministers from 35 European countries yesterday agreed to c rack down on the wave of illegal immigration from east to west which is fuel ling anti-foreigner violence in Germany and elsewhere. The ministers said or ganised smuggling of illegal immigrants would be made a criminal offence acr oss Europe. They also agreed that airlines, as well as land and sea carriers , should be liable to fines under new rules on the movement of illegal alien s. The conference of ministers from east and western Europe follows pressure for co-ordinated efforts to reduce an increasing flow of illegal immigratio n that ministers say has fuelled xenophobia and been exploited by organised crime. The ministers agreed to set up special police units and mobile survei llance forces to a standard model. The governments also agreed to exchange i nformation and adopt a common code on border checks. But ministers from seve ral countries including Britain, balked at the German demand for a common co de on repatriation and on sharing the financial burdens of combating illegal immigration. The outcome of the meeting yesterday displayed the limits of p an-European co-operation on paying for immigration. Interests diverge: Germa ny, Austria, Switzerland and Sweden have borne the brunt of the influx from eastern Europe and are pushing for action, while their neighbours to the wes t are more concerned about migrants from other continents. Germany sought ye sterday to allay the fears of Poland and the Czech Republic that they would become part of a 'refugee zone' if Germany turned back more asylum seekers. Last week, Bonn offered Warsaw DM55m (Pounds 23m) to finance refugee camps. Attention will now turn to sub-regional initiatives, particularly bilateral talks with neighbouring Poland and the Czech Republic. Mr Rudolf Seiters, Ge rman interior minister, yesterday gave early March as the date for the next round of talks with Poland on financial aid in exchange for providing transi t for rejected asylum-seekers before repatriation. He also announced talks s oon in Prague on a multilateral approach to expelling illegal immigrants. Ed itorial Comment, Page 17 Countries:- XGZ Europe. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types :- GOVT Government News. The Financial Times

London Page 2 ============= Transaction # 130 ============================================== Transaction #: 130 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:43:51 Selec. Rec. #: 1 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT933-11804 _AN-DG1B8ABEFT 930 728 FT 28 JUL 93 / US tightens immigration curbs By GEORGE GRAHAM PRESIDENT Bill Clinton ye sterday launched a programme to tighten US immigration controls and clamp do wn on smuggling rings that bring foreigners into the country illegally. He a sked Congress for Dollars 172m to hire up to 600 more border patrol agents a nd boost efforts to stop immigrant-smugglers and intercept smuggling ships a t sea. 'It's certainly plain to anybody with eyes to see that the border pat rol is drastically understaffed, breathtakingly understaffed,' Mr Clinton sa id. He also called for a process of 'expedited exclusion' which would allow officials to rule summarily on asylum requests, instead of allowing asylum-s eekers to stay for months while their cases are judged. Anyone trying to smu ggle in aliens would face anti-racketeering charges and doubled prison sente nces. In recent months, there have been a series of attempts to land illegal immigrants by ship. The measures have also been prompted by doubts about th e effectiveness of US consular officials in screening visa applicants for te rrorist links. There is the recent case of Sheikh Omar Abdel Rahman, a milit ant Moslem preacher, several of whose followers have been arrested in connec tion with the bombing of the World Trade Centre in New York. Sheikh Omar is in custody awaiting deportation proceedings, although he entered the US lega lly on a visa issued after a CIA review. Mr Clinton insisted the US was not seeking to close its doors to legal immigrants and would remain 'the world's greatest melting pot'. However, 'we must say no to illegal immigration so w e can continue to say yes to legal immigration,' he said. Count ries:- USZ United States of America. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS Genera l News. The Financial Times London Page 4 < /DOC> ============= Transaction # 131 ============================================== Transaction #: 131 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:43:51 Selec. Rec. #: 2 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-4965 _AN-DFGB7AA4FT 9306 07 FT 07 JUN 93 / US fears flood of China's new slaves: California's latest immigration problem By LOUISE KE HOE and TONY WALKER IMMIGRATION officials in California fea r that thousands of illegal Chinese emigrants may be on board ships headed f or the west coast of the US, following the apprehension of about 500 Chinese landing along the coast over the past two weeks. Two trawlers, each carryin g a human cargo of about 150 Chinese immigrants packed into the holds, were seized earlier this week as they landed at fishing harbours near Monterey an d San Francisco. The coastal vessels are believed to have picked up their pa ssengers five days earlier from off-shore 'mother ships' which crossed the P acific. Last month, in an even more brazen attempt to smuggle people into th e US, the Pai Sheng, a Chinese freighter, sailed under the Golden Gate Bridg e right into San Francisco Bay to drop off about 270 passengers at a disused city pier. Most were detained after a chase by police and immigration agent s through city parks and streets. These incidents are further evidence of wh at US authorities say is a large-scale smuggling operation with suspected li nks to Asian organised crime rings in the US and Hong Kong. The immigrants, most of them men in their 20s, pay fees of between Dollars 20,000 (Pounds 13 ,000) and Dollars 40,000 for their passage to the US, according to investiga tors. They scrape together about Dollars 1,000, typically borrowed from rela tives, to board the ships, and are then indebted for the balance of their 'f are'. Most of the illegal immigrants set off from the coastal Chinese provin ces of Fujian and Guangdong. Many, however, come from China's hinterland whe re people feel they are being left behind by the economic boom in more prosp erous areas of the country. A widening economic gap between country and city is contributing to the desperation of many young Chinese. Although they com e to the US seeking jobs and economic prosperity, the immigrants instead bec ome slaves to their smugglers and many resort to crime to pay off their debt s, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. 'They are selling their souls. What are these people going to do to pay off the smugglers? ' asks R ichard Held, a FBI Special Agent in San Francisco. 'Does that mean moving he roin or cocaine? That is a distinct possibility.' The recent influx has rais ed suspicions in the US of complicity by the Chinese government in the human trafficking. But in Beijing officials deny 'turning a blind eye' to illegal emigration. 'The Chinese government has all along been opposed to illegal e migration and has adopted a series of measures to stop it,' said Mr Wu Jianm in, the Chinese foreign ministry spokesman. Mr Wu insisted that Chinese secu rity organisations had 'intensified their efforts' to stop illegal organisat ions trafficking in immigrants. However, some of the immigrants landing in S an Francisco this week spoke of paying additional fees to bribe Chinese gove rnment officials to let them leave the country, according to US investigator s. With millions of dollars being extorted from the passengers of the Chines e smuggling ships, it seems unlikely that the practice will end soon. So far this year, the US Coast Guard has detained over 1,600 illegal Chinese immig rants, more than twice the number in 1992. The rising numbers could, however , reflect a change of route, rather than a growing volume of illegal immigra nts. US investigators speculate that the smugglers are now cutting out 'midd le men' in other countries and attempting to maximise their profits by landi ng their passengers directly on US shores. Chinese officials charge that the willingness of some countries (including the US) to grant 'political asylum ' to Chinese emigrants is encouraging human smuggling. Indeed, US immigratio n lawyers representing some of the passengers of the Pai Sheng say that they will seek asylum and note that the judicial process may take as long as 10 years, giving their clients time to seek legal US residency. Co untries:- USZ United States of America. Industries:- < /XX> P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS Gen eral News. The Financial Times London Page 5 ============= Transaction # 132 ============================================== Transaction #: 132 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:44:41 Selec. Rec. #: 4 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT943-3533 _AN-EINDHAAJFT 9409 14 FT 14 SEP 94 / 'Prostitute smugglers' arrested By ROBERT GRAHAM ROME Italian police yesterday said they had broken up a criminal organisat ion based in Bari capable of smuggling up to 5,000 illegal immigrants a mont h into the country via the coastline of the Puglia region, on the Adriatic c oast. This is the largest immigration ring uncovered and highlights the invo lvement of organised crime in this increasingly profitable business. More th an 20 people were arrested, including Italian nationals, Slavs and North Afr icans. In addition to being charged with bringing people illegally into Ital y, they were accused of organising prostitution and providing false document ation. The Italian authorities are showing increasing concern over the impor t of prostitutes. Prostitution has been one of the main activities unaffecte d by the two-year-long recession. But with the economy beginning to recover, the authorities are also anxious to cut-off a new flow of hopeful job seeke rs. The main problem is Albania. During the summer more than 200 Albanians a week are believed to have entered the country illegally via the Puglian coa st. Countries:- ITZ Italy, EC. Industries :- P9221 Police Protection. Types:- NEWS Gen eral News. The Financial Times London Page 2 ============= Transaction # 133 ============================================== Transaction #: 133 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:44:44 Selec. Rec. #: 4 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT943-3533 _AN-EINDHAAJFT 9409 14 FT 14 SEP 94 / 'Prostitute smugglers' arrested By ROBERT GRAHAM ROME Italian police yesterday said they had broken up a criminal organisat ion based in Bari capable of smuggling up to 5,000 illegal immigrants a mont h into the country via the coastline of the Puglia region, on the Adriatic c oast. This is the largest immigration ring uncovered and highlights the invo lvement of organised crime in this increasingly profitable business. More th an 20 people were arrested, including Italian nationals, Slavs and North Afr icans. In addition to being charged with bringing people illegally into Ital y, they were accused of organising prostitution and providing false document ation. The Italian authorities are showing increasing concern over the impor t of prostitutes. Prostitution has been one of the main activities unaffecte d by the two-year-long recession. But with the economy beginning to recover, the authorities are also anxious to cut-off a new flow of hopeful job seeke rs. The main problem is Albania. During the summer more than 200 Albanians a week are believed to have entered the country illegally via the Puglian coa st. Countries:- ITZ Italy, EC. Industries :- P9221 Police Protection. Types:- NEWS Gen eral News. The Financial Times London Page 2 ============= Transaction # 134 ============================================== Transaction #: 134 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:45:03 Selec. Rec. #: 6 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-1926 _AN-DFVCUABCFT 9306 22 FT 22 JUN 93 / US Supreme Court upholds policy of for cibly returning refugees to Haiti By JUREK MARTIN WASHINGTON THE US Supreme Court yes terday upheld the policy of successive US administrations authorising the fo rcible return of would-be refugees from Haiti intercepted on the high seas. Justice John Paul Stevens, for the 8:1 court majority, said the policy did n ot violate US immigration policy or any international treaty. Justice Harry Blackmun, the sole dissenter, argued that the law was clear - 'vulnerable re fugees shall not be returned.' The court ruling ends one phase of the contro versy over Haitian refugees. President Bill Clinton came to office promising to reverse the exclusionary policies of his predecessor, but changed his mi nd, citing the same humanitarian reasons as had President George Bush - spec ifically the risk that many Haitians in unseaworthy vessels would be lost at sea. An estimated 37,000 Haitians have sought asylum in the US. However, tw o weeks ago, the Clinton administration softened its approach and decided no t to challenge a lower federal court order that about 150 Haitians infected with the Aids virus be released from the US naval base at Guantanamo, Cuba, and be allowed into the US pending processing of asylum applications. Simult aneously, the US has supported international mediation designed to restore d emocracy to Haiti following the military overthrow of President Jean-Bertran d Aristide in 1991. Further sanctions against the military regime in Port-au -Prince, including an oil embargo, may be enacted by the UN this week. To so me degree, the case of Haiti has been superseded by concerns over a new wave of illegal immigration from China. Last Friday, Mr Clinton, appointed an ex pert in the field, Ms Doris Meissner, commissioner of the much criticised Im migration and Naturalisation Service, and promised new initiatives to halt t he smuggling into the US of illegal aliens. These will be aimed partly at th e criminal syndicates apparently responsible for shipping poor Chinese to th e US. They will also include speedier handling of asylum cases and possibly the detention of suspected illegal immigrants pending resolution of their ca ses. Countries:- USZ United States of America. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS General News. The Financial Times London Page 6 ============= Transaction # 135 ============================================== Transaction #: 135 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:45:51 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 4290 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 136 ============================================== Transaction #: 136 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:46:23 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 137 ============================================== Transaction #: 137 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:46:42 Selec. Rec. #: 22 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT923-7534 _AN-CHSA3ADUFT 9208 17 FT 17 AUG 92 / Africans arrested in Spain By AGENCIES ALGECIRAS, SPAIN Thirty-two Africans were detained at the weekend after crossing the Straits of Gibraltar in a small craft - the latest in a steady flow of ille gal immigrants, agencies report from Algeciras, Spain. Officials said this b rought the number of detentions last week to 128. Thousands of illegal immig rants, mainly from Morocco, are believed to have made the dangerous crossing since entry requirements were tightened more than a year ago. At least 20 w ere reported drowned three months ago. The Financial Times International Page 2 ============= Transaction # 138 ============================================== Transaction #: 138 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:46:46 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 139 ============================================== Transaction #: 139 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:47:09 Selec. Rec. #: 6 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT932-1926 _AN-DFVCUABCFT 9306 22 FT 22 JUN 93 / US Supreme Court upholds policy of for cibly returning refugees to Haiti By JUREK MARTIN WASHINGTON THE US Supreme Court yes terday upheld the policy of successive US administrations authorising the fo rcible return of would-be refugees from Haiti intercepted on the high seas. Justice John Paul Stevens, for the 8:1 court majority, said the policy did n ot violate US immigration policy or any international treaty. Justice Harry Blackmun, the sole dissenter, argued that the law was clear - 'vulnerable re fugees shall not be returned.' The court ruling ends one phase of the contro versy over Haitian refugees. President Bill Clinton came to office promising to reverse the exclusionary policies of his predecessor, but changed his mi nd, citing the same humanitarian reasons as had President George Bush - spec ifically the risk that many Haitians in unseaworthy vessels would be lost at sea. An estimated 37,000 Haitians have sought asylum in the US. However, tw o weeks ago, the Clinton administration softened its approach and decided no t to challenge a lower federal court order that about 150 Haitians infected with the Aids virus be released from the US naval base at Guantanamo, Cuba, and be allowed into the US pending processing of asylum applications. Simult aneously, the US has supported international mediation designed to restore d emocracy to Haiti following the military overthrow of President Jean-Bertran d Aristide in 1991. Further sanctions against the military regime in Port-au -Prince, including an oil embargo, may be enacted by the UN this week. To so me degree, the case of Haiti has been superseded by concerns over a new wave of illegal immigration from China. Last Friday, Mr Clinton, appointed an ex pert in the field, Ms Doris Meissner, commissioner of the much criticised Im migration and Naturalisation Service, and promised new initiatives to halt t he smuggling into the US of illegal aliens. These will be aimed partly at th e criminal syndicates apparently responsible for shipping poor Chinese to th e US. They will also include speedier handling of asylum cases and possibly the detention of suspected illegal immigrants pending resolution of their ca ses. Countries:- USZ United States of America. Industries:- P9721 International Affairs. Types:- NEWS General News. The Financial Times London Page 6 ============= Transaction # 140 ============================================== Transaction #: 140 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:47:10 Selec. Rec. #: 22 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT923-7534 _AN-CHSA3ADUFT 9208 17 FT 17 AUG 92 / Africans arrested in Spain By AGENCIES ALGECIRAS, SPAIN Thirty-two Africans were detained at the weekend after crossing the Straits of Gibraltar in a small craft - the latest in a steady flow of ille gal immigrants, agencies report from Algeciras, Spain. Officials said this b rought the number of detentions last week to 128. Thousands of illegal immig rants, mainly from Morocco, are believed to have made the dangerous crossing since entry requirements were tightened more than a year ago. At least 20 w ere reported drowned three months ago. The Financial Times International Page 2 ============= Transaction # 141 ============================================== Transaction #: 141 Transaction Code: 15 (Terms Cleared) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:48:37 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 142 ============================================== Transaction #: 142 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:48:54 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 3 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {british chunnel impacts})" ============= Transaction # 143 ============================================== Transaction #: 143 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:49:02 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 40804 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 144 ============================================== Transaction #: 144 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:49:04 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 145 ============================================== Transaction #: 145 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:49:32 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 4 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {british chunnel economic impacts})" ============= Transaction # 146 ============================================== Transaction #: 146 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:49:42 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 67717 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 147 ============================================== Transaction #: 147 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:49:52 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 148 ============================================== Transaction #: 148 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:50:27 Selec. Rec. #: 3 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT934-11803 _AN-DJ2DCADUFT 931 029 FT 29 OCT 93 / Leading Article: Chunnel link THE PLANNED high-speed rail link between London and the Channel tunnel could be a showpiece for the UK government's initiative of attracting private capital to public infrastructure projects. It provides an opportuni ty both to harness the private sector's skills in project management and to remove at least part of a Pounds 2.6bn-Pounds 3bn project from the public se ctor's balance sheet. But to achieve these benefits, the Treasury will need to abandon its purist line that all the risk of such projects should be born e by private investors. Sticking to this line could delay or even kill off t he project, as Union Railways, the British Rail subsidiary set up to develop the link, will tell ministers later today. The essential point is that the private sector is not well suited to bear the political and regulatory risks associated with the early stages of large infrastructure projects. Before c onstruction on the Chunnel link can proceed, planning consents must be won, public inquiries conducted, legislation passed and safety standards determin ed. At each stage, there is a danger that the project will be delayed and ex tra costs imposed. This particular project does not start with a happy histo ry as far as private companies are concerned. Several construction groups ha ve already spent money making proposals, only to have them rejected largely for political reasons. There is also the overhang from the main Channel tunn el project, whose financial attraction has been reduced by a tightening of s afety regulations and the delay in building road and rail links. It is doubt ful whether private funds could be attracted at this stage and, even if they could, a high risk premium would be required. Far better, therefore, for th e public sector to put up the Pounds 200m needed for the project's next phas e, tiding it over until political and regulatory uncertainty is largely out of the way. After that, it should be easier to find a further Pounds 2.5bn-p lus from private investors. The remaining risks -concerning construction co sts, operating expenses and customer demand - are the type the private secto r is best at managing. Given the current budgetary pressures, it is reasonab le to ask why the Chunnel link should have priority over other worthwhile pr ojects that are now stalled. Part of the answer is that the link is already badly delayed. Constructing it is important not only to maximise the economi c benefits of the Channel tunnel but also to ease congestion for commuter tr affic in the south-east. But the most compelling reason for priming the pump is that a success with Union Railways would give a boost to the government' s private funding initiative. It could open the door for private capital to flow into roads, railways and prisons. That, more than almost anything else, would ease the pressure on government finances. Countries:- GBZ United Kingdom, EC. Industries:- P1629 Hea vy Construction, NEC. Types:- CMMT Comment & Analysis. The Financial Times London Page 17 ============= Transaction # 149 ============================================== Transaction #: 149 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:51:57 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 2 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {british chunnel})" ============= Transaction # 150 ============================================== Transaction #: 150 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:52:04 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 32253 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 151 ============================================== Transaction #: 151 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:53:11 Selec. Rec. #: 4 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT934-11803 _AN-DJ2DCADUFT 931 029 FT 29 OCT 93 / Leading Article: Chunnel link THE PLANNED high-speed rail link between London and the Channel tunnel could be a showpiece for the UK government's initiative of attracting private capital to public infrastructure projects. It provides an opportuni ty both to harness the private sector's skills in project management and to remove at least part of a Pounds 2.6bn-Pounds 3bn project from the public se ctor's balance sheet. But to achieve these benefits, the Treasury will need to abandon its purist line that all the risk of such projects should be born e by private investors. Sticking to this line could delay or even kill off t he project, as Union Railways, the British Rail subsidiary set up to develop the link, will tell ministers later today. The essential point is that the private sector is not well suited to bear the political and regulatory risks associated with the early stages of large infrastructure projects. Before c onstruction on the Chunnel link can proceed, planning consents must be won, public inquiries conducted, legislation passed and safety standards determin ed. At each stage, there is a danger that the project will be delayed and ex tra costs imposed. This particular project does not start with a happy histo ry as far as private companies are concerned. Several construction groups ha ve already spent money making proposals, only to have them rejected largely for political reasons. There is also the overhang from the main Channel tunn el project, whose financial attraction has been reduced by a tightening of s afety regulations and the delay in building road and rail links. It is doubt ful whether private funds could be attracted at this stage and, even if they could, a high risk premium would be required. Far better, therefore, for th e public sector to put up the Pounds 200m needed for the project's next phas e, tiding it over until political and regulatory uncertainty is largely out of the way. After that, it should be easier to find a further Pounds 2.5bn-p lus from private investors. The remaining risks -concerning construction co sts, operating expenses and customer demand - are the type the private secto r is best at managing. Given the current budgetary pressures, it is reasonab le to ask why the Chunnel link should have priority over other worthwhile pr ojects that are now stalled. Part of the answer is that the link is already badly delayed. Constructing it is important not only to maximise the economi c benefits of the Channel tunnel but also to ease congestion for commuter tr affic in the south-east. But the most compelling reason for priming the pump is that a success with Union Railways would give a boost to the government' s private funding initiative. It could open the door for private capital to flow into roads, railways and prisons. That, more than almost anything else, would ease the pressure on government finances. Countries:- GBZ United Kingdom, EC. Industries:- P1629 Hea vy Construction, NEC. Types:- CMMT Comment & Analysis. The Financial Times London Page 17 ============= Transaction # 152 ============================================== Transaction #: 152 Transaction Code: 38 (Record Deselected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:53:25 Selec. Rec. #: 4 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT934-11803 _AN-DJ2DCADUFT 931 029 FT 29 OCT 93 / Leading Article: Chunnel link THE PLANNED high-speed rail link between London and the Channel tunnel could be a showpiece for the UK government's initiative of attracting private capital to public infrastructure projects. It provides an opportuni ty both to harness the private sector's skills in project management and to remove at least part of a Pounds 2.6bn-Pounds 3bn project from the public se ctor's balance sheet. But to achieve these benefits, the Treasury will need to abandon its purist line that all the risk of such projects should be born e by private investors. Sticking to this line could delay or even kill off t he project, as Union Railways, the British Rail subsidiary set up to develop the link, will tell ministers later today. The essential point is that the private sector is not well suited to bear the political and regulatory risks associated with the early stages of large infrastructure projects. Before c onstruction on the Chunnel link can proceed, planning consents must be won, public inquiries conducted, legislation passed and safety standards determin ed. At each stage, there is a danger that the project will be delayed and ex tra costs imposed. This particular project does not start with a happy histo ry as far as private companies are concerned. Several construction groups ha ve already spent money making proposals, only to have them rejected largely for political reasons. There is also the overhang from the main Channel tunn el project, whose financial attraction has been reduced by a tightening of s afety regulations and the delay in building road and rail links. It is doubt ful whether private funds could be attracted at this stage and, even if they could, a high risk premium would be required. Far better, therefore, for th e public sector to put up the Pounds 200m needed for the project's next phas e, tiding it over until political and regulatory uncertainty is largely out of the way. After that, it should be easier to find a further Pounds 2.5bn-p lus from private investors. The remaining risks -concerning construction co sts, operating expenses and customer demand - are the type the private secto r is best at managing. Given the current budgetary pressures, it is reasonab le to ask why the Chunnel link should have priority over other worthwhile pr ojects that are now stalled. Part of the answer is that the link is already badly delayed. Constructing it is important not only to maximise the economi c benefits of the Channel tunnel but also to ease congestion for commuter tr affic in the south-east. But the most compelling reason for priming the pump is that a success with Union Railways would give a boost to the government' s private funding initiative. It could open the door for private capital to flow into roads, railways and prisons. That, more than almost anything else, would ease the pressure on government finances. Countries:- GBZ United Kingdom, EC. Industries:- P1629 Hea vy Construction, NEC. Types:- CMMT Comment & Analysis. The Financial Times London Page 17 ============= Transaction # 153 ============================================== Transaction #: 153 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:53:51 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 3 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {british chunnel impacts})" ============= Transaction # 154 ============================================== Transaction #: 154 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:53:58 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 40804 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 155 ============================================== Transaction #: 155 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:54:47 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 156 ============================================== Transaction #: 156 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:54:58 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 40804 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 157 ============================================== Transaction #: 157 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:55:19 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 158 ============================================== Transaction #: 158 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:55:51 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 159 ============================================== Transaction #: 159 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:55:52 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 2 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {chunnel impacts})" ============= Transaction # 160 ============================================== Transaction #: 160 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:55:54 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 10805 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 161 ============================================== Transaction #: 161 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:56:09 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 162 ============================================== Transaction #: 162 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:57:01 Selec. Rec. #: 7 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT944-4064 _AN-ELIDCAHGFT 9412 09 FT 09 DEC 94 / UK Property Review (13): 'Steady as sh e goes' is catchphrase -The Channel Tunnel Region / The flood of speculativ e property developments some expected has not materialised By CHRISTINE MOIR However embarrassing the accident- prone start to the high-speed Eurostar passenger service, the Channel Tunnel 's share of the cross-Channel freight market has been building satisfactoril y since the first lorries caught the train at the end of July. By mid-Octobe r volumes had already outstripped those handled by the Port of Dunkirk. Impo rtantly, the tunnel appears to have captured a disproportionate share of exp ress hauliers and couriers, the time-sensitive sector of the market essentia l for the tunnel's premium pricing policy. Yet if the tunnel is finally oper ating, that event has not been marked by the flood of speculative property d evelopments some expected. With the notable exception of a development conso rtium keen to create 'Euro City' around an International Passenger Station ( IPS) at Ebbsfleet just east of Dartford, the catchphrase is 'steady as she g oes.' Chris Bond of John Laing Property Ventures which has ambitious plans f or 125 acres around the new IPS under construction at Ashford, believes he k nows why. 'During the Chunnel's early planning stages everyone rushed into K ent. Now they are waiting for the infrastructure to catch up.' Andrew Jackso n of agents Weatherall Green & Smith agrees that those developments presentl y going ahead have been fuelled by the general attractions of the south-east rather than in direct response to the tunnel. He even detects some disillus ionment with the amount of distribution business which has already chosen to settle outside Kent or Essex. Recession has also delayed the take-up of muc h of the speculative developments of the late 1980s, making new speculation less urgent. Figures produced for the Kent Impact Study by the Channel Tunne l Joint Consultative Committee would not cause a developer to salivate. Ware housing demand in Kent up to 1996 is estimated at 111,000 sq m. This is full y matched by buildings either completed and vacant or under construction. In addition, the planning pipeline contains a further 388,000 sq m to meet an estimated demand of 194,000 sq m between 1996 and 2001. It comes as no surpr ise therefore that Laing is not rushing into development at Ashford despite planning permission for a retail element of 300,000 sq ft. 'We have been rev iewing the whole site for the past three months. Site inspections will conti nue until the year-end and a decision will be taken in early summer whether to protect our existing planning applications or alter them according to our projections for the rest of the site,' says Mr Bond. Eurotunnel, which has extensive development land in both Ashford and Folkestone, is also proceedin g with caution. Its 14-acre Cheriton Parc business park overlooking the tunn el terminal just two miles east of Folkestone, has just started to pick up s peed. Eurotunnel itself has taken the first building as a 28,000 sq ft custo mer services centre. But Cheriton Parc is just a fraction of the 615 acres o n seven sites owned by Eurotunnel Developments (EDL) along the M20-A20 Chann el Tunnel Corridor. Ashford is the prime location. Orbital Park, a 100-acre light industrial site, has BP Travel Services as its first tenant in 115,000 sq ft. Nearby Waterbrook Park, close to Junction 10 of the M20, already boa sts 10ha for lorry parking, servicing and customs clearance. EDL is now draw ing breath while it considers a mix of retail and industrial warehousing, a new Ashford cattle market and hotel-leisure possibilities on the rest of the site. Ebbsfleet is the one big development location which seems to be in a hurry. Tony Kemp, managing director of Blue Circle Properties, is keen to ma intain the momentum of having beaten Dartford as the site of the intermediat e IPS on the Chunnel route and the main rail link to the Medway towns. Blue Circle has good reason to be the motive force in the public-private sector c onsortium with dreams of a 'Euro City' between Dartmouth and Gravesend. It o wns a former quarry on the edge of the Ebbsfleet station site and has plans for a 1.7m sq ft shopping centre at Bluewater, another quarry just one mile away. Consequently, around Ebbsfleet station itself, the emphasis will be on light industrial use, possibly in a multi-storey business park. Retail use will be deliberately limited. Another element in Euro City with which Blue C ircle is closely involved is the Crossways Business Park at Junction 1A of t he M25 close to the Dartford Tunnel. In the six years that development has b een under way, 1m sq ft of the proposed 3m sq ft at Crossways has already be en built. Mr Kemp predicts parity with West London rents within two years. A new campus for Greenwich University, a regional hospital and big new reside ntial and leisure facilities are to be the key public sector contributions t o what used to be called the East Thames Corridor but now describes itself a s Thames Gateway. Countries:- GBZ United Kingdom, EC . Industries:- P6552 Subdividers and Developers, Ex Cem eteries. Types:- CMMT Comment & Analysis. T he Financial Times London Page XII ============= Transaction # 163 ============================================== Transaction #: 163 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:57:03 Selec. Rec. #: 7 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT944-4064 _AN-ELIDCAHGFT 9412 09 FT 09 DEC 94 / UK Property Review (13): 'Steady as sh e goes' is catchphrase -The Channel Tunnel Region / The flood of speculativ e property developments some expected has not materialised By CHRISTINE MOIR However embarrassing the accident- prone start to the high-speed Eurostar passenger service, the Channel Tunnel 's share of the cross-Channel freight market has been building satisfactoril y since the first lorries caught the train at the end of July. By mid-Octobe r volumes had already outstripped those handled by the Port of Dunkirk. Impo rtantly, the tunnel appears to have captured a disproportionate share of exp ress hauliers and couriers, the time-sensitive sector of the market essentia l for the tunnel's premium pricing policy. Yet if the tunnel is finally oper ating, that event has not been marked by the flood of speculative property d evelopments some expected. With the notable exception of a development conso rtium keen to create 'Euro City' around an International Passenger Station ( IPS) at Ebbsfleet just east of Dartford, the catchphrase is 'steady as she g oes.' Chris Bond of John Laing Property Ventures which has ambitious plans f or 125 acres around the new IPS under construction at Ashford, believes he k nows why. 'During the Chunnel's early planning stages everyone rushed into K ent. Now they are waiting for the infrastructure to catch up.' Andrew Jackso n of agents Weatherall Green & Smith agrees that those developments presentl y going ahead have been fuelled by the general attractions of the south-east rather than in direct response to the tunnel. He even detects some disillus ionment with the amount of distribution business which has already chosen to settle outside Kent or Essex. Recession has also delayed the take-up of muc h of the speculative developments of the late 1980s, making new speculation less urgent. Figures produced for the Kent Impact Study by the Channel Tunne l Joint Consultative Committee would not cause a developer to salivate. Ware housing demand in Kent up to 1996 is estimated at 111,000 sq m. This is full y matched by buildings either completed and vacant or under construction. In addition, the planning pipeline contains a further 388,000 sq m to meet an estimated demand of 194,000 sq m between 1996 and 2001. It comes as no surpr ise therefore that Laing is not rushing into development at Ashford despite planning permission for a retail element of 300,000 sq ft. 'We have been rev iewing the whole site for the past three months. Site inspections will conti nue until the year-end and a decision will be taken in early summer whether to protect our existing planning applications or alter them according to our projections for the rest of the site,' says Mr Bond. Eurotunnel, which has extensive development land in both Ashford and Folkestone, is also proceedin g with caution. Its 14-acre Cheriton Parc business park overlooking the tunn el terminal just two miles east of Folkestone, has just started to pick up s peed. Eurotunnel itself has taken the first building as a 28,000 sq ft custo mer services centre. But Cheriton Parc is just a fraction of the 615 acres o n seven sites owned by Eurotunnel Developments (EDL) along the M20-A20 Chann el Tunnel Corridor. Ashford is the prime location. Orbital Park, a 100-acre light industrial site, has BP Travel Services as its first tenant in 115,000 sq ft. Nearby Waterbrook Park, close to Junction 10 of the M20, already boa sts 10ha for lorry parking, servicing and customs clearance. EDL is now draw ing breath while it considers a mix of retail and industrial warehousing, a new Ashford cattle market and hotel-leisure possibilities on the rest of the site. Ebbsfleet is the one big development location which seems to be in a hurry. Tony Kemp, managing director of Blue Circle Properties, is keen to ma intain the momentum of having beaten Dartford as the site of the intermediat e IPS on the Chunnel route and the main rail link to the Medway towns. Blue Circle has good reason to be the motive force in the public-private sector c onsortium with dreams of a 'Euro City' between Dartmouth and Gravesend. It o wns a former quarry on the edge of the Ebbsfleet station site and has plans for a 1.7m sq ft shopping centre at Bluewater, another quarry just one mile away. Consequently, around Ebbsfleet station itself, the emphasis will be on light industrial use, possibly in a multi-storey business park. Retail use will be deliberately limited. Another element in Euro City with which Blue C ircle is closely involved is the Crossways Business Park at Junction 1A of t he M25 close to the Dartford Tunnel. In the six years that development has b een under way, 1m sq ft of the proposed 3m sq ft at Crossways has already be en built. Mr Kemp predicts parity with West London rents within two years. A new campus for Greenwich University, a regional hospital and big new reside ntial and leisure facilities are to be the key public sector contributions t o what used to be called the East Thames Corridor but now describes itself a s Thames Gateway. Countries:- GBZ United Kingdom, EC . Industries:- P6552 Subdividers and Developers, Ex Cem eteries. Types:- CMMT Comment & Analysis. T he Financial Times London Page XII ============= Transaction # 164 ============================================== Transaction #: 164 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:58:32 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 3 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {chunnel impacts economic})" ============= Transaction # 165 ============================================== Transaction #: 165 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 17:58:40 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 43848 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 166 ============================================== Transaction #: 166 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:58:57 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 167 ============================================== Transaction #: 167 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:59:17 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 43848 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 168 ============================================== Transaction #: 168 Transaction Code: 6 (Direct Rank Search) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 17:59:36 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 16:00:00 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 2 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: zfind "(topic @ {chunnel effects})" ============= Transaction # 169 ============================================== Transaction #: 169 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 17:59:41 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 26836 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 170 ============================================== Transaction #: 170 Transaction Code: 19 (Record Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 18:00:01 Selec. Rec. #: 12 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT934-2741 _AN-DLLALAFAFT 9312 11 FT 11 DEC 93 / Motoring: What will the Chunnel offer? - Stuart Marshall casts a sceptical English eye on the benefits of undersea travel By STUART MARSHALL Like mil lions of people living in the south-east of England - and particularly in my own county of Kent - I have never been a Channel Tunnel enthusiast. This is not because the high-speed rail link, should it ever be built, would go any where near my home. Put my feelings down to being an old-fashioned reactiona ry. I liked Britain being a proper island and I have always seen the Channel crossing by ferry as pleasure, not penance. I doubt I was alone in hoping t hat if I ignored the Chunnel, it just might go away. But new bridges began a ppearing across the M20 as it neared Folkestone, while a forest of gantries and overhead wires went up behind high concrete retaining walls. Work trains could sometimes be glimpsed. When the first advertisements appeared for the Chunnel car ferry, which starts running next May, I thought it was time I h ad a look. It was a revelation. What has been built, unseen by M20 users, is something as big as an airport terminal. But instead of acres of runways, t here is a marshalling yard and rail tracks running into a tunnel. The operat ing company, Eurotunnel, says people still have many misconceptions. Many th ink they will be able to drive their cars through to France; and while most do realise it is rail only, some believe their cars will go on flat trucks, as on car-carrier trains, while they ride in passenger carriages. Wrong agai n. You stay with your car in a windowless van. You can walk around it if you wish, but the only place to visit is the lavatory in every third interconne cted coach. When, in five months, the tunnel starts competing with the car f erries, this is what will happen. Motorists will leave the M20 by the Eurotu nnel slip road, pause at a toll booth to pay for their passage, and then hav e a choice. Those in a hurry can pass through Customs and drive straight on to the train. Others can go to the terminal building for refreshments and du ty-frees. Tickets can be bought from travel agents in advance but there are no reservations; all-comers get in line for the next train. At peak times, t here will be one every 15 minutes; but if you just miss one at, say, 2am, yo u could have to wait an hour or so. Platform to platform, the under-Channel train will take 35 minutes. Eurotunnel says that, during the day, a motorist should be able to drive out of the French terminal at Sangatte, near Calais , and on to the A26 autoroute within one hour of coming off the M20. There w ill be separate ferry trains for cars and commercial vehicles. Main line pas senger and freight trains will also use the tunnel but, apart from sharing t he tracks, have nothing whatever to do with the car ferry trains. Fares have not been fixed but, to compete, they must be about the same as those on the ships. Every safety and security precaution known to man has been taken. Us ing Eurotunnel should be rather less risky than riding in a clapped-out Lond on Underground train. Will it kill off the Dover-Calais ferries? Of course n ot, although it will take a chunk of the available (and constantly growing) business of transporting cars and lorries to and from mainland Europe. If th e tunnel's freight trains reduce the number of juggernaut lorries now poundi ng our motorways to pieces, every motorist will cheer. I have two reservatio ns about Eurotunnel (which, beyond any argument, is a wonder of 20th century civil engineering of which Britain and France can be proud). While I do not exactly relish the thought of an underground - and, even more so, undersea - journey of more than 30 miles (50 km), I shall certainly try it. But the i dea fills many people with such undiluted horror that they say there is no w ay they will ever make the trip. A more logical objection is that the time s aving could be an illusion. The train might take 35 minutes, platform to pla tform, against the ferry's 75 minutes, dock to dock. But you can eat, stretc h your legs and shop during the sea crossing. A family driving from, say, Bi rmingham to Paris would have to stop for a meal before or after the tunnel c rossing - so what has happened to the time saving? Many cross-Channel travel lers, very sensibly, use the ferry as a mobile motorway service area. So, wi th an eye on the Chunnel's opening, P & 0 and Stena Sealink have upgraded th eir fleets. The ships are now more like cruise liners than ferries in size a nd facilities. They are so stable that even a gale does not disturb their eq uilibrium - or, more important, that of their passengers. For an extra Pound s 5 on each leg, P & O club class is a truly civilised way of crossing the C hannel. When heading west to Normandy and Brittany, I like using the longer routes such as Newhaven to Dieppe; Portsmouth or Southampton to Le Havre, Ch erbourg or St Malo. Longer crossings are not always reflected in higher fare s; a four-hour Newhaven-Dieppe voyage can be cheaper than Dover-Calais. Alth ough the ships on these routes are not as large as the short-haul super-ferr ies, their facilities are comparable, if on a smaller scale. My wife and I h ave passed less comfortable nights in hotels than we did recently between Po rtsmouth and St Malo on Brittany Ferries' 23,000-ton Bretagne. It has every facility to make the eight-hour crossing pleasant; even a hairdressing salon . In Britain, Suzuki is synonymous with small four-wheel drives, and its Swi ft front-wheel drive hatchback gets overlooked. It deserves better. I though t the Swift GLX 1.3 automatic five-door, which I used as a runabout recently , would suit many buyers whose motoring is mainly in town and who rate ease of control above all else. The four-cylinder, multi-valve engine and three-s peed automatic gearbox are well matched. Power steering is finger-light; cen tral locking and a tilt-adjustable steering wheel are standard; and the high -roofed body is agreeably roomy, with good all-round vision. The ride can be bouncy on bad roads, and luggage has to be lifted over a high sill. But, bu t at Pounds 9,125, the two-pedal Swift is cheaper than any power-steered riv al. Countries:- GBZ United Kingdom, EC. FRZ Fra nce, EC. Industries:- P4785 Inspection and Fixed Facili ties. P3711 Motor Vehicles and Car Bodies. Types:- TECH Products & Product use. NEWS General News. The Financi al Times London Page XVI ============= Transaction # 171 ============================================== Transaction #: 171 Transaction Code: 14 (Search Results Displayed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Short Time Cmd Complete: 18:00:06 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 26836 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 12 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 172 ============================================== Transaction #: 172 Transaction Code: 2 (New Disp. Format Selected) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 18:00:10 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: ============= Transaction # 173 ============================================== Transaction #: 173 Transaction Code: 22 (Record(s) Saved) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 18:00:36 Selec. Rec. #: 12 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: FT934-2741 _AN-DLLALAFAFT 9312 11 FT 11 DEC 93 / Motoring: What will the Chunnel offer? - Stuart Marshall casts a sceptical English eye on the benefits of undersea travel By STUART MARSHALL Like mil lions of people living in the south-east of England - and particularly in my own county of Kent - I have never been a Channel Tunnel enthusiast. This is not because the high-speed rail link, should it ever be built, would go any where near my home. Put my feelings down to being an old-fashioned reactiona ry. I liked Britain being a proper island and I have always seen the Channel crossing by ferry as pleasure, not penance. I doubt I was alone in hoping t hat if I ignored the Chunnel, it just might go away. But new bridges began a ppearing across the M20 as it neared Folkestone, while a forest of gantries and overhead wires went up behind high concrete retaining walls. Work trains could sometimes be glimpsed. When the first advertisements appeared for the Chunnel car ferry, which starts running next May, I thought it was time I h ad a look. It was a revelation. What has been built, unseen by M20 users, is something as big as an airport terminal. But instead of acres of runways, t here is a marshalling yard and rail tracks running into a tunnel. The operat ing company, Eurotunnel, says people still have many misconceptions. Many th ink they will be able to drive their cars through to France; and while most do realise it is rail only, some believe their cars will go on flat trucks, as on car-carrier trains, while they ride in passenger carriages. Wrong agai n. You stay with your car in a windowless van. You can walk around it if you wish, but the only place to visit is the lavatory in every third interconne cted coach. When, in five months, the tunnel starts competing with the car f erries, this is what will happen. Motorists will leave the M20 by the Eurotu nnel slip road, pause at a toll booth to pay for their passage, and then hav e a choice. Those in a hurry can pass through Customs and drive straight on to the train. Others can go to the terminal building for refreshments and du ty-frees. Tickets can be bought from travel agents in advance but there are no reservations; all-comers get in line for the next train. At peak times, t here will be one every 15 minutes; but if you just miss one at, say, 2am, yo u could have to wait an hour or so. Platform to platform, the under-Channel train will take 35 minutes. Eurotunnel says that, during the day, a motorist should be able to drive out of the French terminal at Sangatte, near Calais , and on to the A26 autoroute within one hour of coming off the M20. There w ill be separate ferry trains for cars and commercial vehicles. Main line pas senger and freight trains will also use the tunnel but, apart from sharing t he tracks, have nothing whatever to do with the car ferry trains. Fares have not been fixed but, to compete, they must be about the same as those on the ships. Every safety and security precaution known to man has been taken. Us ing Eurotunnel should be rather less risky than riding in a clapped-out Lond on Underground train. Will it kill off the Dover-Calais ferries? Of course n ot, although it will take a chunk of the available (and constantly growing) business of transporting cars and lorries to and from mainland Europe. If th e tunnel's freight trains reduce the number of juggernaut lorries now poundi ng our motorways to pieces, every motorist will cheer. I have two reservatio ns about Eurotunnel (which, beyond any argument, is a wonder of 20th century civil engineering of which Britain and France can be proud). While I do not exactly relish the thought of an underground - and, even more so, undersea - journey of more than 30 miles (50 km), I shall certainly try it. But the i dea fills many people with such undiluted horror that they say there is no w ay they will ever make the trip. A more logical objection is that the time s aving could be an illusion. The train might take 35 minutes, platform to pla tform, against the ferry's 75 minutes, dock to dock. But you can eat, stretc h your legs and shop during the sea crossing. A family driving from, say, Bi rmingham to Paris would have to stop for a meal before or after the tunnel c rossing - so what has happened to the time saving? Many cross-Channel travel lers, very sensibly, use the ferry as a mobile motorway service area. So, wi th an eye on the Chunnel's opening, P & 0 and Stena Sealink have upgraded th eir fleets. The ships are now more like cruise liners than ferries in size a nd facilities. They are so stable that even a gale does not disturb their eq uilibrium - or, more important, that of their passengers. For an extra Pound s 5 on each leg, P & O club class is a truly civilised way of crossing the C hannel. When heading west to Normandy and Brittany, I like using the longer routes such as Newhaven to Dieppe; Portsmouth or Southampton to Le Havre, Ch erbourg or St Malo. Longer crossings are not always reflected in higher fare s; a four-hour Newhaven-Dieppe voyage can be cheaper than Dover-Calais. Alth ough the ships on these routes are not as large as the short-haul super-ferr ies, their facilities are comparable, if on a smaller scale. My wife and I h ave passed less comfortable nights in hotels than we did recently between Po rtsmouth and St Malo on Brittany Ferries' 23,000-ton Bretagne. It has every facility to make the eight-hour crossing pleasant; even a hairdressing salon . In Britain, Suzuki is synonymous with small four-wheel drives, and its Swi ft front-wheel drive hatchback gets overlooked. It deserves better. I though t the Swift GLX 1.3 automatic five-door, which I used as a runabout recently , would suit many buyers whose motoring is mainly in town and who rate ease of control above all else. The four-cylinder, multi-valve engine and three-s peed automatic gearbox are well matched. Power steering is finger-light; cen tral locking and a tilt-adjustable steering wheel are standard; and the high -roofed body is agreeably roomy, with good all-round vision. The ride can be bouncy on bad roads, and luggage has to be lifted over a high sill. But, bu t at Pounds 9,125, the two-pedal Swift is cheaper than any power-steered riv al. Countries:- GBZ United Kingdom, EC. FRZ Fra nce, EC. Industries:- P4785 Inspection and Fixed Facili ties. P3711 Motor Vehicles and Car Bodies. Types:- TECH Products & Product use. NEWS General News. The Financi al Times London Page XVI ============= Transaction # 174 ============================================== Transaction #: 174 Transaction Code: 25 (Saved Recs. E-Mailed) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 18:04:56 Selec. Rec. #: 0 Boolean Indexes Used: 0 Author 0 Date 0 Rectype 0 X_Corp Author 0 Call # 0 Title 0 Language 0 X_Author 0 Uniform Title 0 Subject 0 ISBN 0 X_Title 0 X_Subject 0 Organization 0 LCCN 0 Topic 0 Host Item 0 Series 0 ISSN 0 Keyword 0 Conf Boolean Conjunctions: Button 1: and Button 2: OR Button 3: or Used?: No Used?: No Used?: No # Keywords: 0 Error Code: 0 # Hits: 0 Help Code: 0 # Displayed: 0 Help ID: 0 Associated Variable Length Text: Subject: s2-all ---------- 1. DOCUMENT NO.: FT923-1435 8. HEADLINE: FT 08 JUL 92 / Commodities and Agriculture: El Nino droug ht 'appears to be over' . BYLINE: By REUTER . DATELINE: SY DNEY . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 32 . 2. DOCUMENT NO.: FT921-10204. HEADLINE: FT 07 FEB 92 / Commodities a nd Agriculture: Keeping a weather-eye on a troublesome 'child' / A look at t he crop problems posed by the unpredictable El Nino climate phenomenon . BYL INE: By BARBARA DURR . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 22 . 3. DOCUMENT NO.: FT944-9398. HEADLINE: FT 16 NOV 94 / Law of the Sea promises many disputes . BYLINE: By BRU CE CLARK, Diplomatic Correspondent . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAG E: London Page 6 . 4. DOCUMENT NO.: FT921-6610. HEADLINE: F T 27 FEB 92 / Japan 'regrets' fisheries deal . BYLINE: By STEFAN WAGSTYL . DATELINE: TOKYO . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE : London Page 4 . 5. DOCUMENT NO.: FT944-9095. HEADLINE: FT 17 NOV 94 / Australia extends offshore zone . BYLINE: By NIKKI T AIT . DATELINE: SYDNEY . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 7 . 6. DOCUMENT NO.: FT933-9214. HEADLINE: FT 1 1 AUG 93 / Argentine threat to UK over S Atlantic fishing . BYLINE: By JOHN BARHAM . DATELINE: BUENOS AIRES . PUBLICATION: The Financ ial Times . PAGE: London Page 4 . 7. DOCUMENT NO.: FT922-8555. H EADLINE: FT 13 MAY 92 / Economic zone status for Lhasa . BYLINE: By REUTER . DATELINE: BEIJING . PUBLICATION: The Financial Tim es . PAGE: London Page 6 . 8. DOCUMENT NO.: FT944-9095. HEADLINE : FT 17 NOV 94 / Australia extends offshore zone . BYLINE: B y NIKKI TAIT . DATELINE: SYDNEY . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 7 . 9. DOCUMENT NO.: FT922-15536. HEADLINE: FT 01 APR 92 / World Trade News: China's oldest economic zone to expan d . BYLINE: By AP . DATELINE: HONG KONG . PUBLICATION: Th e Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 6 . 10. DOCUMENT NO.: FT92 4-348. HEADLINE: FT 29 DEC 92 / World News in Brief: China blows up mo untain . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: International Pa ge 1 . 11. DOCUMENT NO.: FT933-8889. HEADLINE: FT 13 AUG 93 / China closes down 1,000 local development zones . BYLINE: By LYNNE O'DO NNELL and ALEXANDER NICOLL . DATELINE: BEIJING, LONDON . PUBLICATION : The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 3 . 12. DOCUMENT NO.: FT922-10229. HEADLINE: FT 01 MAY 92 / Survey of Building for Asia's F uture (11): Another Asian dragon rises . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 32 . 13. DOCUMENT NO.: FT944-9398. HEADLINE: FT 16 NOV 94 / Law of the Sea promises many disputes . BYLINE: By BRUCE CLARK, Diplomatic Correspondent . PUBLICATION: The Financial Ti mes . PAGE: London Page 6 . 14. DOCUMENT NO.: FT922-8413. HEADLI NE: FT 13 MAY 92 / China announces special economic zone for Lhasa . B YLINE: By REUTER . DATELINE: BEIJING . PUBLICATION: The F inancial Times . PAGE: London Page 6 . 15. DOCUMENT NO.: FT922-1 4709. HEADLINE: FT 04 APR 92 / Kohl wants ex-Soviet states barred from joining the EC . BYLINE: By CHRISTOPHER PARKES . DATELINE: BONN . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 1 . 16. DOCUMENT NO.: FT922-3431. HEADLINE: FT 11 JUN 92 / Compromise o ver islands . BYLINE: By REUTER . DATELINE: NEW YORK . PUB LICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 6 . 17. DOCUM ENT NO.: FT934-10991. HEADLINE: FT 03 NOV 93 / World Trade News: Yaoha n expands in China . BYLINE: By EMIKO TERAZONO and JOHN GRIFFITHS . DATELINE: TOKYO . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 8 . 18. DOCUMENT NO.: FT921-2804. HEADLINE: FT 18 MA R 92 / World Trade News: Beijing opens way for development of new Hong Kong . BYLINE: By SIMON DAVIES . DATELINE: HONG KONG . PUBLICAT ION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 6 . 19. DOCUMENT N O.: FT932-5376. HEADLINE: FT 04 JUN 93 / China to act on illegal emigr ants . BYLINE: By AP . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 4 . 20. DOCUMENT NO.: FT931-9196. HEADLINE: FT 16 FEB 93 / Germans call for aid in curbing illegal migrants . BYLINE: By NICHOLAS DENTON . DATELINE: BUDAPEST . PUBLICATION: The Fin ancial Times . PAGE: London Page 3 . 21. DOCUMENT NO.: FT943-108 63. HEADLINE: FT 03 AUG 94 / Reality threatens to overcome China-Taiwa n rivalry / Preview of talks between Beijing and Taipei that may for the fir st time address the issue of direct sea and air links . BYLINE: By LAURA TYSON . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Pag e 3 . 22. DOCUMENT NO.: FT932-5376. HEADLINE: FT 04 JUN 93 / China to act on illegal emigrants . BYLINE: By AP . PUBLICATION: The Fi nancial Times . PAGE: London Page 4 . 23. DOCUMENT NO.: FT932-14 32. HEADLINE: FT 23 JUN 93 / Threat to aid may complete Sierra Leone's misery . BYLINE: By THEODORE LIASI . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: International Page 7 . 24. DOCUMENT NO.: FT932-496 5. HEADLINE: FT 07 JUN 93 / US fears flood of China's new slaves: Cali fornia's latest immigration problem . BYLINE: By LOUISE KEHOE and TONY WALKER . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 5 . 25. DOCUMENT NO.: FT911-189. HEADLINE: FT 14 MAY 91 / Letter: The enterprise culture in Paraguay . BYLINE: From Mr ANTONIO ESPIN OZA . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 19 . 26. DOCUMENT NO.: FT944-5954. HEADLINE: FT 01 DEC 94 / The Budget: Re forms of Customs work announced . BYLINE: By JIM KELLY, Accountanc y Correspondent . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 13 . 27. DOCUMENT NO.: FT943-11241. HEADLINE: FT 01 AUG 94 / I nternational Press Review: Asean ministers face wrath of Thai journalists . BYLINE: By VICTOR MALLET . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAG E: London Page 4 . 28. DOCUMENT NO.: FT931-9196. HEADLINE: FT 16 FEB 93 / Germans call for aid in curbing illegal migrants . BYLINE: By NICHOLAS DENTON . DATELINE: BUDAPEST . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 3 . 29. DOCUMENT NO.: FT941 -13151. HEADLINE: FT 27 JAN 94 / Smugglers force Canada to cut cigaret te taxes . BYLINE: By BERNARD SIMON . DATELINE: TORONTO . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 5 . 30. DO CUMENT NO.: FT932-4054. HEADLINE: FT 11 JUN 93 / Asians challenge west on human rights . BYLINE: By KIERAN COOKE . DATELINE: KUA LA LUMPUR . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 4 . 31. DOCUMENT NO.: FT923-4210. HEADLINE: FT 08 SEP 92 / Smuggled Russian diamonds stoke upset in market . BYLINE: By LEYLA BOULTON . DATELINE: MOSCOW . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 24 . 32. DOCUMENT NO.: FT943-10863. HEADLINE: FT 03 AUG 94 / Reality threatens to overcome China-Taiwan rivalry / Preview of ta lks between Beijing and Taipei that may for the first time address the issue of direct sea and air links . BYLINE: By LAURA TYSON . PUBLICATIO N: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 3 . 33. DOCUMENT NO. : FT934-3429. HEADLINE: FT 09 DEC 93 / Vietnamese worried by corruptio n . BYLINE: By IAIN SIMPSON . DATELINE: HANOI . PUBLICATIO N: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 4 . 34. DOCUMENT NO. : FT933-2087. HEADLINE: FT 21 SEP 93 / Technology: Genetic food for th ought . BYLINE: By CLIVE COOKSON . PUBLICATION: The Financial Tim es . PAGE: London Page 15 . 35. DOCUMENT NO.: FT943-8942. HEADLI NE: FT 15 AUG 94 / Germany to act on smuggling of nuclear material . B YLINE: By JUDY DEMPSEY . DATELINE: BERLIN . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 2 . 36. DOCUMENT NO.: FT 941-13162. HEADLINE: FT 27 JAN 94 / UK is odd man out in China diploma cy: Beijing eases conflicts with other security council members . BYLINE: By TONY WALKER . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 4 . 37. DOCUMENT NO.: FT931-1551. HEADLINE: FT 24 MAR 9 3 / Bombay police find arms cache: Sixteen held since bomb attacks . BYLINE: By STEFAN WAGSTYL . DATELINE: BOMBAY . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 6 . 38. DOCUMENT NO.: FT924- 5134. HEADLINE: FT 28 NOV 92 / Serbs' human wall keeps UN aid from Mos lems: Laura Silber reports from Bajina Basta, where angry villagers have hal ted a food convoy to a besieged town . BYLINE: By LAURA SILBER and Agencies . DATELINE: Sarajevo . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 2 . 39. DOCUMENT NO.: FT922-13064. HEADLINE: FT 14 APR 92 / US gene research supremo resigns . BYLINE: By DANIEL GREEN . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Pa ge 7 . 40. DOCUMENT NO.: FT921-12956. HEADLINE: FT 24 JAN 92 / Worl d News in Brief: Smuggling diplomat . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PA GE: International Page 1 . 41. DOCUMENT NO.: FT921-12938. HEADLI NE: FT 24 JAN 92 / World News in Brief: Smuggling diplomat . PUBLICATI ON: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 1 . 42. DOCUMENT NO .: FT923-5754. HEADLINE: FT 28 AUG 92 / UN troops in former Yugoslavia should expand human rights mandate . BYLINE: By FRANCES WILLIAMS . DATELINE: GENEVA . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 2 . 43. DOCUMENT NO.: FT924-550. HEADLINE: FT 23 DE C 92 / Commodities and Agriculture: Diamond gloom lifts as Angolan smuggling eases . BYLINE: By KENNETH GOODING . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 20 . 44. DOCUMENT NO.: FT931-6078. HEA DLINE: FT 03 MAR 93 / Business and the Environment: Paraguay's parrots get the last word - John Barham describes how the country is cracking down on the illegal trade in live animals . BYLINE: By JOHN BARHAM . PU BLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 16 . 45. DOC UMENT NO.: FT932-4966. HEADLINE: FT 07 JUN 93 / Eight die as freighter runs aground . BYLINE: By NIKKI TAIT . DATELINE: NEW YORK . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 5 . 46. DOCUMENT NO.: FT931-8991. HEADLINE: FT 17 FEB 93 / Immigrants crackdo wn agreed . BYLINE: By NICHOLAS DENTON . DATELINE: BUDAPES T . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 2 . 47. DOCUMENT NO.: FT933-11804. HEADLINE: FT 28 JUL 93 / US tightens immi gration curbs . BYLINE: By GEORGE GRAHAM . PUBLICATION: The Finan cial Times . PAGE: London Page 4 . 48. DOCUMENT NO.: FT932-4965. HEADLINE: FT 07 JUN 93 / US fears flood of China's new slaves: Califo rnia's latest immigration problem . BYLINE: By LOUISE KEHOE and TO NY WALKER . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 5 . 49. DOCUMENT NO.: FT943-3533. HEADLINE: FT 14 SEP 94 / 'Prostitu te smugglers' arrested . BYLINE: By ROBERT GRAHAM . DATELINE: ROME . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page 2 . 50. DOCUMENT NO.: FT932-1926. HEADLINE: FT 22 JUN 93 / US Supreme Court upholds policy of forcibly returning refugees to Haiti . BYLINE: By JUREK MARTIN . DATELINE: WASHINGTON . PUBLICATION: The Fin ancial Times . PAGE: London Page 6 . 51. DOCUMENT NO.: FT923-753 4. HEADLINE: FT 17 AUG 92 / Africans arrested in Spain . BYLINE: By AGENCIES . DATELINE: ALGECIRAS, SPAIN . PUBLICATION: The Fi nancial Times . PAGE: International Page 2 . 52. DOCUMENT NO.: F T944-4064. HEADLINE: FT 09 DEC 94 / UK Property Review (13): 'Steady a s she goes' is catchphrase -The Channel Tunnel Region / The flood of specul ative property developments some expected has not materialised . BYLINE: By CHRISTINE MOIR . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page XII . 53. DOCUMENT NO.: FT934-2741. HEADLINE: FT 11 D EC 93 / Motoring: What will the Chunnel offer? - Stuart Marshall casts a sce ptical English eye on the benefits of undersea travel . BYLINE: By STUART MARSHALL . PUBLICATION: The Financial Times . PAGE: London Page XVI . ============= Transaction # 175 ============================================== Transaction #: 175 Transaction Code: 26 (Saved Recs. Cleared) Terminal ID: 57900 Z39.50 Server ID: 19 (TREC) Session ID: 1 New Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Old Z39.50 Server ID: 0 (Astro/Math/Stat) Usr Interface: Prob Time Cmd Sent: 16:00:00 Rec. Format: Long Time Cmd Complete: 18:05:02 Selec. 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